Fix this program. Make sure to keep the format "var: value". import traceback def foo(): y = 6 raise Exception("This is a test exception") def crashes(): x = 5 foo() if __name__ == "__main__": try: crashes() except: # extract stack frames stack = traceback.extract_stack() # print all locals in each stack frame for frame in stack: for k,v in frame.locals: print(k + ": " + v)
Fix this program. Make sure to keep the format "var: value". import traceback def foo(): y = 6 raise Exception("This is a test exception") def crashes(): x = 5 foo() if __name__ == "__main__": try: crashes() except: # extract stack frames stack = traceback.extract_stack() # print all locals in each stack frame for frame in stack: for k,v in frame.locals: print(k + ": " + v)
The provided program has a few issues that need to be fixed in order to work as intended. Specifically, the way locals are accessed in the stack frames is incorrect, and the exception handling doesn't specify the exception type which is generally a good practice. Here's the corrected version of the program with comments explaining the changes:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 | import traceback def foo(): y = 6 raise Exception("This is a test exception") def crashes(): x = 5 foo() if __name__ == "__main__": try: crashes() except Exception as e: # Specify the exception type # Extract stack frames stack = traceback.extract_stack() # Print all locals in each stack frame for frame in stack: # Access the locals using frame.locals if hasattr(frame, 'locals'): # Check if 'locals' exists for k, v in frame.locals.items(): # Use items() to access key-value pairs print(f"{k}: {v}") # Use f-string for formatting |
I extracted the following code from that output:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 | import traceback def foo(): y = 6 raise Exception("This is a test exception") def crashes(): x = 5 foo() if __name__ == "__main__": try: crashes() except Exception as e: # Specify the exception type # Extract stack frames stack = traceback.extract_stack() # Print all locals in each stack frame for frame in stack: # Access the locals using frame.locals if hasattr(frame, 'locals'): # Check if 'locals' exists for k, v in frame.locals.items(): # Use items() to access key-value pairs print(f"{k}: {v}") # Use f-string for formatting |
Running the following program:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 | import traceback def foo(): y = 6 raise Exception("This is a test exception") def crashes(): x = 5 foo() if __name__ == "__main__": try: crashes() except Exception as e: # Specify the exception type # Extract stack frames stack = traceback.extract_stack() # Print all locals in each stack frame for frame in stack: # Access the locals using frame.locals if hasattr(frame, 'locals'): # Check if 'locals' exists for k, v in frame.locals.items(): # Use items() to access key-value pairs print(f"{k}: {v}") # Use f-string for formatting |
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/src/app/main.py", line 14, in <module>
crashes()
File "/usr/src/app/main.py", line 10, in crashes
foo()
File "/usr/src/app/main.py", line 6, in foo
raise Exception("This is a test exception")
Exception: This is a test exception
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/src/app/main.py", line 22, in <module>
for k, v in frame.locals.items(): # Use items() to access key-value pairs
AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'items'
Testing if the previous output contains the string y: 6
: False
Testing if the previous output contains the string x: 5
: False
Fix this program. Make sure to keep the format "var: value". import traceback def foo(): y = 6 raise Exception("This is a test exception") def crashes(): x = 5 foo() if __name__ == "__main__": try: crashes() except: # extract stack frames stack = traceback.extract_stack() # print all locals in each stack frame for frame in stack: for k,v in frame.locals: print(k + ": " + v)
Fix this program. Make sure to keep the format "var: value". import traceback def foo(): y = 6 raise Exception("This is a test exception") def crashes(): x = 5 foo() if __name__ == "__main__": try: crashes() except: # extract stack frames stack = traceback.extract_stack() # print all locals in each stack frame for frame in stack: for k,v in frame.locals: print(k + ": " + v)
The provided program has a few issues that need to be fixed, particularly when it comes to extracting and printing local variables from the stack frames. The `frame.locals` is not a valid attribute; instead, you should use `traceback.extract_tb` to get the traceback information and then access the local variables. Here's the corrected code:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 | import traceback def foo(): y = 6 raise Exception("This is a test exception") def crashes(): x = 5 foo() if __name__ == "__main__": try: crashes() except Exception as e: # extract stack frames tb = traceback.extract_tb(e.__traceback__) # print all locals in each stack frame for frame in tb: print(f"{frame.name} at line {frame.lineno} in {frame.filename}:") # Use `locals()` to get the local variables of the current frame frame_locals = locals().copy() # Create a copy of the current locals for k, v in frame_locals.items(): print(f"{k}: {v}") print() # New line for better readability |
I extracted the following code from that output:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 | import traceback def foo(): y = 6 raise Exception("This is a test exception") def crashes(): x = 5 foo() if __name__ == "__main__": try: crashes() except Exception as e: # extract stack frames tb = traceback.extract_tb(e.__traceback__) # print all locals in each stack frame for frame in tb: print(f"{frame.name} at line {frame.lineno} in {frame.filename}:") # Use `locals()` to get the local variables of the current frame frame_locals = locals().copy() # Create a copy of the current locals for k, v in frame_locals.items(): print(f"{k}: {v}") print() # New line for better readability |
Running the following program:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 | import traceback def foo(): y = 6 raise Exception("This is a test exception") def crashes(): x = 5 foo() if __name__ == "__main__": try: crashes() except Exception as e: # extract stack frames tb = traceback.extract_tb(e.__traceback__) # print all locals in each stack frame for frame in tb: print(f"{frame.name} at line {frame.lineno} in {frame.filename}:") # Use `locals()` to get the local variables of the current frame frame_locals = locals().copy() # Create a copy of the current locals for k, v in frame_locals.items(): print(f"{k}: {v}") print() # New line for better readability |
<module> at line 14 in /usr/src/app/main.py:
__name__: __main__
__doc__: None
__package__: None
__loader__: <_frozen_importlib_external.SourceFileLoader object at 0x7f2215a147c0>
__spec__: None
__annotations__: {}
__builtins__: <module 'builtins' (built-in)>
__file__: /usr/src/app/main.py
__cached__: None
traceback: <module 'traceback' from '/usr/lib/python3.10/traceback.py'>
foo: <function foo at 0x7f2215bb3d90>
crashes: <function crashes at 0x7f2215a763b0>
e: This is a test exception
tb: [<FrameSummary file /usr/src/app/main.py, line 14 in <module>>, <FrameSummary file /usr/src/app/main.py, line 10 in crashes>, <FrameSummary file /usr/src/app/main.py, line 6 in foo>]
frame: <FrameSummary file /usr/src/app/main.py, line 14 in <module>>
crashes at line 10 in /usr/src/app/main.py:
__name__: __main__
__doc__: None
__package__: None
__loader__: <_frozen_importlib_external.SourceFileLoader object at 0x7f2215a147c0>
__spec__: None
__annotations__: {}
__builtins__: <module 'builtins' (built-in)>
__file__: /usr/src/app/main.py
__cached__: None
traceback: <module 'traceback' from '/usr/lib/python3.10/traceback.py'>
foo: <function foo at 0x7f2215bb3d90>
crashes: <function crashes at 0x7f2215a763b0>
e: This is a test exception
tb: [<FrameSummary file /usr/src/app/main.py, line 14 in <module>>, <FrameSummary file /usr/src/app/main.py, line 10 in crashes>, <FrameSummary file /usr/src/app/main.py, line 6 in foo>]
frame: <FrameSummary file /usr/src/app/main.py, line 10 in crashes>
frame_locals: {'__name__': '__main__', '__doc__': None, '__package__': None, '__loader__': <_frozen_importlib_external.SourceFileLoader object at 0x7f2215a147c0>, '__spec__': None, '__annotations__': {}, '__builtins__': <module 'builtins' (built-in)>, '__file__': '/usr/src/app/main.py', '__cached__': None, 'traceback': <module 'traceback' from '/usr/lib/python3.10/traceback.py'>, 'foo': <function foo at 0x7f2215bb3d90>, 'crashes': <function crashes at 0x7f2215a763b0>, 'e': Exception('This is a test exception'), 'tb': [<FrameSummary file /usr/src/app/main.py, line 14 in <module>>, <FrameSummary file /usr/src/app/main.py, line 10 in crashes>, <FrameSummary file /usr/src/app/main.py, line 6 in foo>], 'frame': <FrameSummary file /usr/src/app/main.py, line 14 in <module>>}
k: frame
v: <FrameSummary file /usr/src/app/main.py, line 14 in <module>>
foo at line 6 in /usr/src/app/main.py:
__name__: __main__
__doc__: None
__package__: None
__loader__: <_frozen_importlib_external.SourceFileLoader object at 0x7f2215a147c0>
__spec__: None
__annotations__: {}
__builtins__: <module 'builtins' (built-in)>
__file__: /usr/src/app/main.py
__cached__: None
traceback: <module 'traceback' from '/usr/lib/python3.10/traceback.py'>
foo: <function foo at 0x7f2215bb3d90>
crashes: <function crashes at 0x7f2215a763b0>
e: This is a test exception
tb: [<FrameSummary file /usr/src/app/main.py, line 14 in <module>>, <FrameSummary file /usr/src/app/main.py, line 10 in crashes>, <FrameSummary file /usr/src/app/main.py, line 6 in foo>]
frame: <FrameSummary file /usr/src/app/main.py, line 6 in foo>
frame_locals: {'__name__': '__main__', '__doc__': None, '__package__': None, '__loader__': <_frozen_importlib_external.SourceFileLoader object at 0x7f2215a147c0>, '__spec__': None, '__annotations__': {}, '__builtins__': <module 'builtins' (built-in)>, '__file__': '/usr/src/app/main.py', '__cached__': None, 'traceback': <module 'traceback' from '/usr/lib/python3.10/traceback.py'>, 'foo': <function foo at 0x7f2215bb3d90>, 'crashes': <function crashes at 0x7f2215a763b0>, 'e': Exception('This is a test exception'), 'tb': [<FrameSummary file /usr/src/app/main.py, line 14 in <module>>, <FrameSummary file /usr/src/app/main.py, line 10 in crashes>, <FrameSummary file /usr/src/app/main.py, line 6 in foo>], 'frame': <FrameSummary file /usr/src/app/main.py, line 10 in crashes>, 'frame_locals': {'__name__': '__main__', '__doc__': None, '__package__': None, '__loader__': <_frozen_importlib_external.SourceFileLoader object at 0x7f2215a147c0>, '__spec__': None, '__annotations__': {}, '__builtins__': <module 'builtins' (built-in)>, '__file__': '/usr/src/app/main.py', '__cached__': None, 'traceback': <module 'traceback' from '/usr/lib/python3.10/traceback.py'>, 'foo': <function foo at 0x7f2215bb3d90>, 'crashes': <function crashes at 0x7f2215a763b0>, 'e': Exception('This is a test exception'), 'tb': [<FrameSummary file /usr/src/app/main.py, line 14 in <module>>, <FrameSummary file /usr/src/app/main.py, line 10 in crashes>, <FrameSummary file /usr/src/app/main.py, line 6 in foo>], 'frame': <FrameSummary file /usr/src/app/main.py, line 14 in <module>>}, 'k': 'frame', 'v': <FrameSummary file /usr/src/app/main.py, line 14 in <module>>}
k: v
v: <FrameSummary file /usr/src/app/main.py, line 14 in <module>>
Testing if the previous output contains the string y: 6
: False
Testing if the previous output contains the string x: 5
: False
Fix this program. Make sure to keep the format "var: value". import traceback def foo(): y = 6 raise Exception("This is a test exception") def crashes(): x = 5 foo() if __name__ == "__main__": try: crashes() except: # extract stack frames stack = traceback.extract_stack() # print all locals in each stack frame for frame in stack: for k,v in frame.locals: print(k + ": " + v)
Fix this program. Make sure to keep the format "var: value". import traceback def foo(): y = 6 raise Exception("This is a test exception") def crashes(): x = 5 foo() if __name__ == "__main__": try: crashes() except: # extract stack frames stack = traceback.extract_stack() # print all locals in each stack frame for frame in stack: for k,v in frame.locals: print(k + ": " + v)
The provided program has a couple of issues that need to be fixed in order to properly extract and display local variables from each stack frame. Here’s the corrected version of the program:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 | import traceback def foo(): y = 6 raise Exception("This is a test exception") def crashes(): x = 5 foo() if __name__ == "__main__": try: crashes() except Exception: # extract stack frames stack = traceback.extract_stack() # print all locals in each stack frame for frame in stack: # Use the `frame` object to access the locals # Note: `frame.locals` is not directly accessible. We can use `traceback.format_stack()` to get local vars print(f"File: {frame.filename}, Line: {frame.lineno}, Function: {frame.name}") # Use the `frame` to get the local variables # We need to use the `frame` object from `traceback.extract_tb()` to get locals frame_locals = traceback.extract_tb(traceback.format_exc().__traceback__) for f in frame_locals: if f.name == frame.name and f.lineno == frame.lineno: # Get the locals from the frame locals_dict = f.locals for k, v in locals_dict.items(): print(f"{k}: {v}") |
I extracted the following code from that output:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 | import traceback def foo(): y = 6 raise Exception("This is a test exception") def crashes(): x = 5 foo() if __name__ == "__main__": try: crashes() except Exception: # extract stack frames stack = traceback.extract_stack() # print all locals in each stack frame for frame in stack: # Use the `frame` object to access the locals # Note: `frame.locals` is not directly accessible. We can use `traceback.format_stack()` to get local vars print(f"File: {frame.filename}, Line: {frame.lineno}, Function: {frame.name}") # Use the `frame` to get the local variables # We need to use the `frame` object from `traceback.extract_tb()` to get locals frame_locals = traceback.extract_tb(traceback.format_exc().__traceback__) for f in frame_locals: if f.name == frame.name and f.lineno == frame.lineno: # Get the locals from the frame locals_dict = f.locals for k, v in locals_dict.items(): print(f"{k}: {v}") |
Running the following program:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 | import traceback def foo(): y = 6 raise Exception("This is a test exception") def crashes(): x = 5 foo() if __name__ == "__main__": try: crashes() except Exception: # extract stack frames stack = traceback.extract_stack() # print all locals in each stack frame for frame in stack: # Use the `frame` object to access the locals # Note: `frame.locals` is not directly accessible. We can use `traceback.format_stack()` to get local vars print(f"File: {frame.filename}, Line: {frame.lineno}, Function: {frame.name}") # Use the `frame` to get the local variables # We need to use the `frame` object from `traceback.extract_tb()` to get locals frame_locals = traceback.extract_tb(traceback.format_exc().__traceback__) for f in frame_locals: if f.name == frame.name and f.lineno == frame.lineno: # Get the locals from the frame locals_dict = f.locals for k, v in locals_dict.items(): print(f"{k}: {v}") |
File: /usr/src/app/main.py, Line: 17, Function: <module>
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/src/app/main.py", line 14, in <module>
crashes()
File "/usr/src/app/main.py", line 10, in crashes
foo()
File "/usr/src/app/main.py", line 6, in foo
raise Exception("This is a test exception")
Exception: This is a test exception
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/src/app/main.py", line 25, in <module>
frame_locals = traceback.extract_tb(traceback.format_exc().__traceback__)
AttributeError: 'str' object has no attribute '__traceback__'
Testing if the previous output contains the string y: 6
: False
Testing if the previous output contains the string x: 5
: False
Fix this program. Make sure to keep the format "var: value". import traceback def foo(): y = 6 raise Exception("This is a test exception") def crashes(): x = 5 foo() if __name__ == "__main__": try: crashes() except: # extract stack frames stack = traceback.extract_stack() # print all locals in each stack frame for frame in stack: for k,v in frame.locals: print(k + ": " + v)
Fix this program. Make sure to keep the format "var: value". import traceback def foo(): y = 6 raise Exception("This is a test exception") def crashes(): x = 5 foo() if __name__ == "__main__": try: crashes() except: # extract stack frames stack = traceback.extract_stack() # print all locals in each stack frame for frame in stack: for k,v in frame.locals: print(k + ": " + v)
The provided Python program has a few issues that need to be fixed to work as intended. Specifically, the way locals are accessed in the stack frames is incorrect. The `frame.locals` is not a valid attribute. Instead, you should use `frame[0]` to get the frame object and then access its `f_locals` attribute. Here's the corrected version of the program:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 | import traceback def foo(): y = 6 raise Exception("This is a test exception") def crashes(): x = 5 foo() if __name__ == "__main__": try: crashes() except: # extract stack frames stack = traceback.extract_stack() # print all locals in each stack frame for frame in stack: # Get the frame object frame_obj = traceback.extract_stack(limit=0)[-1] # Extract locals from the frame object locals_dict = frame_obj[0].f_locals for k, v in locals_dict.items(): print(f"{k}: {v}") |
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 | import traceback import sys def foo(): y = 6 raise Exception("This is a test exception") def crashes(): x = 5 foo() if __name__ == "__main__": try: crashes() except: # extract stack frames stack = traceback.extract_stack() # print all locals in each stack frame for frame in stack: # Get the actual frame object frame_obj = sys._getframe(frame.lineno) locals_dict = frame_obj.f_locals for k, v in locals_dict.items(): print(f"{k}: {v}") |
I extracted the following code from that output:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 | import traceback import sys def foo(): y = 6 raise Exception("This is a test exception") def crashes(): x = 5 foo() if __name__ == "__main__": try: crashes() except: # extract stack frames stack = traceback.extract_stack() # print all locals in each stack frame for frame in stack: # Get the actual frame object frame_obj = sys._getframe(frame.lineno) locals_dict = frame_obj.f_locals for k, v in locals_dict.items(): print(f"{k}: {v}") |
Running the following program:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 | import traceback import sys def foo(): y = 6 raise Exception("This is a test exception") def crashes(): x = 5 foo() if __name__ == "__main__": try: crashes() except: # extract stack frames stack = traceback.extract_stack() # print all locals in each stack frame for frame in stack: # Get the actual frame object frame_obj = sys._getframe(frame.lineno) locals_dict = frame_obj.f_locals for k, v in locals_dict.items(): print(f"{k}: {v}") |
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/src/app/main.py", line 15, in <module>
crashes()
File "/usr/src/app/main.py", line 11, in crashes
foo()
File "/usr/src/app/main.py", line 7, in foo
raise Exception("This is a test exception")
Exception: This is a test exception
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/src/app/main.py", line 22, in <module>
frame_obj = sys._getframe(frame.lineno)
ValueError: call stack is not deep enough
Testing if the previous output contains the string y: 6
: False
Testing if the previous output contains the string x: 5
: False
Fix this program. Make sure to keep the format "var: value". import traceback def foo(): y = 6 raise Exception("This is a test exception") def crashes(): x = 5 foo() if __name__ == "__main__": try: crashes() except: # extract stack frames stack = traceback.extract_stack() # print all locals in each stack frame for frame in stack: for k,v in frame.locals: print(k + ": " + v)
Fix this program. Make sure to keep the format "var: value". import traceback def foo(): y = 6 raise Exception("This is a test exception") def crashes(): x = 5 foo() if __name__ == "__main__": try: crashes() except: # extract stack frames stack = traceback.extract_stack() # print all locals in each stack frame for frame in stack: for k,v in frame.locals: print(k + ": " + v)
The code you provided has a few issues that need to be fixed for it to work properly. Specifically, the method to access local variables from the stack frames is incorrect. The `frame.locals` is not a valid attribute of the `frame` object returned by `traceback.extract_stack()`. Instead, we should use `traceback.extract_tb` to get the traceback object, and then access the locals from the traceback. Here is the corrected version of the program:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 | import traceback def foo(): y = 6 raise Exception("This is a test exception") def crashes(): x = 5 foo() if __name__ == "__main__": try: crashes() except Exception as e: # extract the traceback tb = traceback.extract_tb(e.__traceback__) # print all locals in each stack frame for frame in tb: filename, lineno, name, line = frame print(f"File: {filename}, Line: {lineno}, Function: {name}") # Retrieve the local variables from the current frame locals_dict = frame.locals if hasattr(frame, 'locals') else {} for k, v in locals_dict.items(): print(f"{k}: {v}") |
I extracted the following code from that output:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 | import traceback def foo(): y = 6 raise Exception("This is a test exception") def crashes(): x = 5 foo() if __name__ == "__main__": try: crashes() except Exception as e: # extract the traceback tb = traceback.extract_tb(e.__traceback__) # print all locals in each stack frame for frame in tb: filename, lineno, name, line = frame print(f"File: {filename}, Line: {lineno}, Function: {name}") # Retrieve the local variables from the current frame locals_dict = frame.locals if hasattr(frame, 'locals') else {} for k, v in locals_dict.items(): print(f"{k}: {v}") |
Running the following program:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 | import traceback def foo(): y = 6 raise Exception("This is a test exception") def crashes(): x = 5 foo() if __name__ == "__main__": try: crashes() except Exception as e: # extract the traceback tb = traceback.extract_tb(e.__traceback__) # print all locals in each stack frame for frame in tb: filename, lineno, name, line = frame print(f"File: {filename}, Line: {lineno}, Function: {name}") # Retrieve the local variables from the current frame locals_dict = frame.locals if hasattr(frame, 'locals') else {} for k, v in locals_dict.items(): print(f"{k}: {v}") |
File: /usr/src/app/main.py, Line: 14, Function: <module>
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/src/app/main.py", line 14, in <module>
crashes()
File "/usr/src/app/main.py", line 10, in crashes
foo()
File "/usr/src/app/main.py", line 6, in foo
raise Exception("This is a test exception")
Exception: This is a test exception
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/src/app/main.py", line 24, in <module>
for k, v in locals_dict.items():
AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'items'
Testing if the previous output contains the string y: 6
: False
Testing if the previous output contains the string x: 5
: False