Initial Query

Here is an example program from a new assmebly language I made up that computes primes: 

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SET R1 2          // Starting number to check for prime

start_find_primes:

    JMP is_prime is_prime // Control will return after executing is_prime with R1 as input and R2 containing the result

ready_prime:
    EQ R2 1        // Check if R2 is 1 (prime)
    JF increment  // If not prime, skip storing and increment the number

    // Store prime number in memory and increment count
    STORE R1 R8   // Store prime number at address pointed by R8
    INC R8        // Increment prime count

    // Check if 100 primes are found
    EQ R8 100
    JF increment  // If not 100 primes found yet, continue finding

    JMP end        // If 100 primes found, end program

increment:
    INC R1         // Increment number to check for prime
    JMP start_find_primes // Check next number

is_prime:
    SET R2 1       // Assume number is prime initially
    SET R3 2       // Start divisor from 2

start_loop:        // Label to start the loop
    // Check if we have exceeded the square root of R1
    MUL R4 R3 R3   // R4 = R3 * R3
    GT R4 R1       // Set flag if R4 > R1
    JT is_prime_end        // If not exceeded, continue; else, end loop

    MOD R6 R1 R3   // R6 = R1 % R3
    EQ R7 R6 0     // Check if R6 is 0
    JT not_prime   // If yes, number is not prime

    INC R3         // Increment divisor
    JMP start_loop // Repeat loop

not_prime:
    SET R2 0       // Set result to 0 (not prime)

is_prime_end:
    JMP ready_prime

end:
ite me a python interpreter `evaluate(str)` that returns the resulting memory state after running the program. For example, `evaluate(program)` should return `[2, 3, 5, 7, ...]` for the above program.

LLM Generation

Query

Here is an example program from a new assmebly language I made up that computes primes: 

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SET R1 2          // Starting number to check for prime

start_find_primes:

    JMP is_prime is_prime // Control will return after executing is_prime with R1 as input and R2 containing the result

ready_prime:
    EQ R2 1        // Check if R2 is 1 (prime)
    JF increment  // If not prime, skip storing and increment the number

    // Store prime number in memory and increment count
    STORE R1 R8   // Store prime number at address pointed by R8
    INC R8        // Increment prime count

    // Check if 100 primes are found
    EQ R8 100
    JF increment  // If not 100 primes found yet, continue finding

    JMP end        // If 100 primes found, end program

increment:
    INC R1         // Increment number to check for prime
    JMP start_find_primes // Check next number

is_prime:
    SET R2 1       // Assume number is prime initially
    SET R3 2       // Start divisor from 2

start_loop:        // Label to start the loop
    // Check if we have exceeded the square root of R1
    MUL R4 R3 R3   // R4 = R3 * R3
    GT R4 R1       // Set flag if R4 > R1
    JT is_prime_end        // If not exceeded, continue; else, end loop

    MOD R6 R1 R3   // R6 = R1 % R3
    EQ R7 R6 0     // Check if R6 is 0
    JT not_prime   // If yes, number is not prime

    INC R3         // Increment divisor
    JMP start_loop // Repeat loop

not_prime:
    SET R2 0       // Set result to 0 (not prime)

is_prime_end:
    JMP ready_prime

end:
ite me a python interpreter `evaluate(str)` that returns the resulting memory state after running the program. For example, `evaluate(program)` should return `[2, 3, 5, 7, ...]` for the above program.

Output

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import re

def evaluate(program):
    memory = {}
    registers = {}
    labels = {}

    # Extract labels and their corresponding line numbers
    lines = program.strip().split('\n')
    for i, line in enumerate(lines):
        if line.endswith(':'):
            labels[line[:-1]] = i

    # Initialize program counter
    pc = 0

    # Helper function to get the value of a register or memory address
    def get_value(operand):
        if operand in registers:
            return registers[operand]
        elif operand.isdigit():
            return int(operand)
        else:
            return memory.get(operand, 0)  # Return 0 for uninitialized memory

    # Instruction execution loop
    while pc < len(lines):
        line = lines[pc].strip()
        if not line or line.startswith('//'):  # Ignore empty lines and comments
            pc += 1
            continue

        # Extract instruction and operands
        parts = re.split(r'[,\s]+', line)
        instruction = parts[0]
        operands = parts[1:]

        # Instruction execution
        if instruction == 'SET':
            registers[operands[0]] = get_value(operands[1])
        elif instruction == 'INC':
            registers[operands[0]] = get_value(operands[0]) + 1
        elif instruction == 'MUL':
            registers[operands[0]] = get_value(operands[1]) * get_value(operands[2])
        elif instruction == 'MOD':
            registers[operands[0]] = get_value(operands[1]) % get_value(operands[2])
        elif instruction == 'GT':
            registers['FLAG'] = 1 if get_value(operands[0]) > get_value(operands[1]) else 0
        elif instruction == 'EQ':
            registers['FLAG'] = 1 if get_value(operands[0]) == get_value(operands[1]) else 0
        elif instruction == 'JT':
            if registers.get('FLAG', 0) == 1:
                pc = labels[operands[0]]
                continue
        elif instruction == 'JF':
            if registers.get('FLAG', 0) == 0:
                pc = labels[operands[0]]
                continue
        elif instruction == 'JMP':
            pc = labels[operands[0]]
            continue
        elif instruction == 'STORE':
            memory[operands[1]] = get_value(operands[0])

        pc += 1

    # Return the memory state as a list
    return list(memory.values())

# Example usage:
program = """
SET R1 2          // Starting number to check for prime

start_find_primes:

    JMP is_prime is_prime // Control will return after executing is_prime with R1 as input and R2 containing the result

ready_prime:
    EQ R2 1        // Check if R2 is 1 (prime)
    JF increment  // If not prime, skip storing and increment the number

    // Store prime number in memory and increment count
    STORE R1 R8   // Store prime number at address pointed by R8
    INC R8        // Increment prime count

    // Check if 100 primes are found
    EQ R8 100
    JF increment  // If not 100 primes found yet, continue finding

    JMP end        // If 100 primes found, end program

increment:
    INC R1         // Increment number to check for prime
    JMP start_find_primes // Check next number

is_prime:
    SET R2 1       // Assume number is prime initially
    SET R3 2       // Start divisor from 2

start_loop:        // Label to start the loop
    // Check if we have exceeded the square root of R1
    MUL R4 R3 R3   // R4 = R3 * R3
    GT R4 R1       // Set flag if R4 > R1
    JT is_prime_end        // If not exceeded, continue; else, end loop

    MOD R6 R1 R3   // R6 = R1 % R3
    EQ R7 R6 0     // Check if R6 is 0
    JT not_prime   // If yes, number is not prime

    INC R3         // Increment divisor
    JMP start_loop // Repeat loop

not_prime:
    SET R2 0       // Set result to 0 (not prime)

is_prime_end:
    JMP ready_prime

end:
"""

result = evaluate(program)
print(result)  # Output: [2, 3, 5, 7, ...]

Extract Code

I extracted the following code from that output: 

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import re

def evaluate(program):
    memory = {}
    registers = {}
    labels = {}

    # Extract labels and their corresponding line numbers
    lines = program.strip().split('\n')
    for i, line in enumerate(lines):
        if line.endswith(':'):
            labels[line[:-1]] = i

    # Initialize program counter
    pc = 0

    # Helper function to get the value of a register or memory address
    def get_value(operand):
        if operand in registers:
            return registers[operand]
        elif operand.isdigit():
            return int(operand)
        else:
            return memory.get(operand, 0)  # Return 0 for uninitialized memory

    # Instruction execution loop
    while pc < len(lines):
        line = lines[pc].strip()
        if not line or line.startswith('//'):  # Ignore empty lines and comments
            pc += 1
            continue

        # Extract instruction and operands
        parts = re.split(r'[,\s]+', line)
        instruction = parts[0]
        operands = parts[1:]

        # Instruction execution
        if instruction == 'SET':
            registers[operands[0]] = get_value(operands[1])
        elif instruction == 'INC':
            registers[operands[0]] = get_value(operands[0]) + 1
        elif instruction == 'MUL':
            registers[operands[0]] = get_value(operands[1]) * get_value(operands[2])
        elif instruction == 'MOD':
            registers[operands[0]] = get_value(operands[1]) % get_value(operands[2])
        elif instruction == 'GT':
            registers['FLAG'] = 1 if get_value(operands[0]) > get_value(operands[1]) else 0
        elif instruction == 'EQ':
            registers['FLAG'] = 1 if get_value(operands[0]) == get_value(operands[1]) else 0
        elif instruction == 'JT':
            if registers.get('FLAG', 0) == 1:
                pc = labels[operands[0]]
                continue
        elif instruction == 'JF':
            if registers.get('FLAG', 0) == 0:
                pc = labels[operands[0]]
                continue
        elif instruction == 'JMP':
            pc = labels[operands[0]]
            continue
        elif instruction == 'STORE':
            memory[operands[1]] = get_value(operands[0])

        pc += 1

    # Return the memory state as a list
    return list(memory.values())

# Example usage:
program = """
SET R1 2          // Starting number to check for prime

start_find_primes:

    JMP is_prime is_prime // Control will return after executing is_prime with R1 as input and R2 containing the result

ready_prime:
    EQ R2 1        // Check if R2 is 1 (prime)
    JF increment  // If not prime, skip storing and increment the number

    // Store prime number in memory and increment count
    STORE R1 R8   // Store prime number at address pointed by R8
    INC R8        // Increment prime count

    // Check if 100 primes are found
    EQ R8 100
    JF increment  // If not 100 primes found yet, continue finding

    JMP end        // If 100 primes found, end program

increment:
    INC R1         // Increment number to check for prime
    JMP start_find_primes // Check next number

is_prime:
    SET R2 1       // Assume number is prime initially
    SET R3 2       // Start divisor from 2

start_loop:        // Label to start the loop
    // Check if we have exceeded the square root of R1
    MUL R4 R3 R3   // R4 = R3 * R3
    GT R4 R1       // Set flag if R4 > R1
    JT is_prime_end        // If not exceeded, continue; else, end loop

    MOD R6 R1 R3   // R6 = R1 % R3
    EQ R7 R6 0     // Check if R6 is 0
    JT not_prime   // If yes, number is not prime

    INC R3         // Increment divisor
    JMP start_loop // Repeat loop

not_prime:
    SET R2 0       // Set result to 0 (not prime)

is_prime_end:
    JMP ready_prime

end:
"""

result = evaluate(program)
print(result)  # Output: [2, 3, 5, 7, ...]

Run Code Interpreter

Running the following program: 

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import re

def evaluate(program):
    memory = {}
    registers = {}
    labels = {}

    # Extract labels and their corresponding line numbers
    lines = program.strip().split('\n')
    for i, line in enumerate(lines):
        if line.endswith(':'):
            labels[line[:-1]] = i

    # Initialize program counter
    pc = 0

    # Helper function to get the value of a register or memory address
    def get_value(operand):
        if operand in registers:
            return registers[operand]
        elif operand.isdigit():
            return int(operand)
        else:
            return memory.get(operand, 0)  # Return 0 for uninitialized memory

    # Instruction execution loop
    while pc < len(lines):
        line = lines[pc].strip()
        if not line or line.startswith('//'):  # Ignore empty lines and comments
            pc += 1
            continue

        # Extract instruction and operands
        parts = re.split(r'[,\s]+', line)
        instruction = parts[0]
        operands = parts[1:]

        # Instruction execution
        if instruction == 'SET':
            registers[operands[0]] = get_value(operands[1])
        elif instruction == 'INC':
            registers[operands[0]] = get_value(operands[0]) + 1
        elif instruction == 'MUL':
            registers[operands[0]] = get_value(operands[1]) * get_value(operands[2])
        elif instruction == 'MOD':
            registers[operands[0]] = get_value(operands[1]) % get_value(operands[2])
        elif instruction == 'GT':
            registers['FLAG'] = 1 if get_value(operands[0]) > get_value(operands[1]) else 0
        elif instruction == 'EQ':
            registers['FLAG'] = 1 if get_value(operands[0]) == get_value(operands[1]) else 0
        elif instruction == 'JT':
            if registers.get('FLAG', 0) == 1:
                pc = labels[operands[0]]
                continue
        elif instruction == 'JF':
            if registers.get('FLAG', 0) == 0:
                pc = labels[operands[0]]
                continue
        elif instruction == 'JMP':
            pc = labels[operands[0]]
            continue
        elif instruction == 'STORE':
            memory[operands[1]] = get_value(operands[0])

        pc += 1

    # Return the memory state as a list
    return list(memory.values())

# Example usage:
program = """
SET R1 2          // Starting number to check for prime

start_find_primes:

    JMP is_prime is_prime // Control will return after executing is_prime with R1 as input and R2 containing the result

ready_prime:
    EQ R2 1        // Check if R2 is 1 (prime)
    JF increment  // If not prime, skip storing and increment the number

    // Store prime number in memory and increment count
    STORE R1 R8   // Store prime number at address pointed by R8
    INC R8        // Increment prime count

    // Check if 100 primes are found
    EQ R8 100
    JF increment  // If not 100 primes found yet, continue finding

    JMP end        // If 100 primes found, end program

increment:
    INC R1         // Increment number to check for prime
    JMP start_find_primes // Check next number

is_prime:
    SET R2 1       // Assume number is prime initially
    SET R3 2       // Start divisor from 2

start_loop:        // Label to start the loop
    // Check if we have exceeded the square root of R1
    MUL R4 R3 R3   // R4 = R3 * R3
    GT R4 R1       // Set flag if R4 > R1
    JT is_prime_end        // If not exceeded, continue; else, end loop

    MOD R6 R1 R3   // R6 = R1 % R3
    EQ R7 R6 0     // Check if R6 is 0
    JT not_prime   // If yes, number is not prime

    INC R3         // Increment divisor
    JMP start_loop // Repeat loop

not_prime:
    SET R2 0       // Set result to 0 (not prime)

is_prime_end:
    JMP ready_prime

end:
"""

result = evaluate(program)
print(result)  # Output: [2, 3, 5, 7, ...] 





answer = evaluate("""
    SET R1 0
    SET R2 1
loop:
    MUL R3 R2 R2
    STORE R3 R1
    INC R1
    INC R2
    EQ R1 20
    JF loop
HCF
""")[:10]
expected = [1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81, 100]
assert answer == expected, f'Wrong answer; got {answer} instead of {expected}'

answer = evaluate("""

SET R1 2          // Starting number to check for prime

start_find_primes:

    JMP is_prime is_prime // Control will return after executing is_prime with R1 as input and R2 containing the result

ready_prime:
    EQ R2 1        // Check if R2 is 1 (prime)
    JF increment  // If not prime, skip storing and increment the number

    // Store prime number in memory and increment count
    STORE R1 R8   // Store prime number at address pointed by R8
    INC R8        // Increment prime count

    // Check if 100 primes are found
    EQ R8 100
    JF increment  // If not 100 primes found yet, continue finding

    JMP end        // If 100 primes found, end program

increment:
    INC R1         // Increment number to check for prime
    JMP start_find_primes // Check next number

is_prime:
    SET R2 1       // Assume number is prime initially
    SET R3 2       // Start divisor from 2

start_loop:        // Label to start the loop
    // Check if we have exceeded the square root of R1
    MUL R4 R3 R3   // R4 = R3 * R3
    GT R4 R1       // Set flag if R4 > R1
    JT is_prime_end        // If not exceeded, continue; else, end loop

    MOD R6 R1 R3   // R6 = R1 % R3
    EQ R7 R6 0     // Check if R6 is 0
    JT not_prime   // If yes, number is not prime

    INC R3         // Increment divisor
    JMP start_loop // Repeat loop

not_prime:
    SET R2 0       // Set result to 0 (not prime)

is_prime_end:
    JMP ready_prime

end:
""")[:10]
expected = [2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29]
assert answer == expected, f'Wrong answer; got {answer} instead of {expected}'
print('All tests passed')
And got the output: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/src/app/main.py", line 123, in <module> result = evaluate(program) File "/usr/src/app/main.py", line 61, in evaluate pc = labels[operands[0]] KeyError: 'start_loop'

Substring Evaluation

Testing if the previous output contains the string All tests passed: False

Initial Query

Here is an example program from a new assmebly language I made up that computes primes: 

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SET R1 2          // Starting number to check for prime

start_find_primes:

    JMP is_prime is_prime // Control will return after executing is_prime with R1 as input and R2 containing the result

ready_prime:
    EQ R2 1        // Check if R2 is 1 (prime)
    JF increment  // If not prime, skip storing and increment the number

    // Store prime number in memory and increment count
    STORE R1 R8   // Store prime number at address pointed by R8
    INC R8        // Increment prime count

    // Check if 100 primes are found
    EQ R8 100
    JF increment  // If not 100 primes found yet, continue finding

    JMP end        // If 100 primes found, end program

increment:
    INC R1         // Increment number to check for prime
    JMP start_find_primes // Check next number

is_prime:
    SET R2 1       // Assume number is prime initially
    SET R3 2       // Start divisor from 2

start_loop:        // Label to start the loop
    // Check if we have exceeded the square root of R1
    MUL R4 R3 R3   // R4 = R3 * R3
    GT R4 R1       // Set flag if R4 > R1
    JT is_prime_end        // If not exceeded, continue; else, end loop

    MOD R6 R1 R3   // R6 = R1 % R3
    EQ R7 R6 0     // Check if R6 is 0
    JT not_prime   // If yes, number is not prime

    INC R3         // Increment divisor
    JMP start_loop // Repeat loop

not_prime:
    SET R2 0       // Set result to 0 (not prime)

is_prime_end:
    JMP ready_prime

end:
ite me a python interpreter `evaluate(str)` that returns the resulting memory state after running the program. For example, `evaluate(program)` should return `[2, 3, 5, 7, ...]` for the above program.

LLM Generation

Query

Here is an example program from a new assmebly language I made up that computes primes: 

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SET R1 2          // Starting number to check for prime

start_find_primes:

    JMP is_prime is_prime // Control will return after executing is_prime with R1 as input and R2 containing the result

ready_prime:
    EQ R2 1        // Check if R2 is 1 (prime)
    JF increment  // If not prime, skip storing and increment the number

    // Store prime number in memory and increment count
    STORE R1 R8   // Store prime number at address pointed by R8
    INC R8        // Increment prime count

    // Check if 100 primes are found
    EQ R8 100
    JF increment  // If not 100 primes found yet, continue finding

    JMP end        // If 100 primes found, end program

increment:
    INC R1         // Increment number to check for prime
    JMP start_find_primes // Check next number

is_prime:
    SET R2 1       // Assume number is prime initially
    SET R3 2       // Start divisor from 2

start_loop:        // Label to start the loop
    // Check if we have exceeded the square root of R1
    MUL R4 R3 R3   // R4 = R3 * R3
    GT R4 R1       // Set flag if R4 > R1
    JT is_prime_end        // If not exceeded, continue; else, end loop

    MOD R6 R1 R3   // R6 = R1 % R3
    EQ R7 R6 0     // Check if R6 is 0
    JT not_prime   // If yes, number is not prime

    INC R3         // Increment divisor
    JMP start_loop // Repeat loop

not_prime:
    SET R2 0       // Set result to 0 (not prime)

is_prime_end:
    JMP ready_prime

end:
ite me a python interpreter `evaluate(str)` that returns the resulting memory state after running the program. For example, `evaluate(program)` should return `[2, 3, 5, 7, ...]` for the above program.

Output

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import re

def evaluate(program):
    """
    Evaluates a program written in a custom assembly language and returns the memory state.

    Args:
    program (str): The program code.

    Returns:
    list: The memory state after program execution.
    """

    memory = [0] * 1000  # Initialize memory
    registers = {f"R{i}": 0 for i in range(10)}  # Initialize registers
    labels = {}  # Store label addresses

    # Preprocess: Find and store label addresses
    lines = program.strip().split("\n")
    pc = 0
    for line in lines:
        line = line.strip()
        if line.endswith(":"):
            labels[line[:-1]] = pc
        elif not line.startswith("//") and line:  # Ignore comments and empty lines
            pc += 1

    # Execute the program
    pc = 0
    while pc < len(lines):
        line = lines[pc].strip()
        if line.startswith("//") or not line:  # Ignore comments and empty lines
            pc += 1
            continue

        parts = re.split(r"[, ]+", line)
        instruction = parts[0]

        if instruction == "SET":
            registers[parts[1]] = int(parts[2])

        elif instruction == "INC":
            registers[parts[1]] += 1

        elif instruction == "MUL":
            registers[parts[1]] = registers[parts[2]] * registers[parts[3]]

        elif instruction == "MOD":
            registers[parts[1]] = registers[parts[2]] % registers[parts[3]]

        elif instruction == "ADD":
            registers[parts[1]] = registers[parts[2]] + registers[parts[3]]

        elif instruction == "EQ":
            registers["R7"] = 1 if registers[parts[1]] == int(parts[2]) else 0

        elif instruction == "GT":
            registers["R7"] = 1 if registers[parts[1]] > registers[parts[2]] else 0

        elif instruction == "JT":
            if registers["R7"] == 1:
                pc = labels[parts[1]]
                continue

        elif instruction == "JF":
            if registers["R7"] == 0:
                pc = labels[parts[1]]
                continue

        elif instruction == "JMP":
            pc = labels[parts[1]]
            continue

        elif instruction == "STORE":
            memory[registers[parts[2]]] = registers[parts[1]]

        pc += 1

    return [x for x in memory if x != 0]  # Return non-zero memory values

# Example usage
program = """

SET R1 2          // Starting number to check for prime

start_find_primes:

    JMP is_prime        // Control will return after executing is_prime

ready_prime:
    EQ R2 1        // Check if R2 is 1 (prime)
    JF increment  // If not prime, skip storing and increment the number

    // Store prime number in memory and increment count
    STORE R1 R8   // Store prime number at address pointed by R8
    INC R8        // Increment prime count

    // Check if 100 primes are found
    EQ R8 100
    JF increment  // If not 100 primes found yet, continue finding

    JMP end        // If 100 primes found, end program

increment:
    INC R1         // Increment number to check for prime
    JMP start_find_primes // Check next number

is_prime:
    SET R2 1       // Assume number is prime initially
    SET R3 2       // Start divisor from 2

start_loop:        // Label to start the loop
    // Check if we have exceeded the square root of R1
    MUL R4 R3 R3   // R4 = R3 * R3
    GT R4 R1       // Set flag if R4 > R1
    JT is_prime_end        // If not exceeded, continue; else, end loop

    MOD R6 R1 R3   // R6 = R1 % R3
    EQ R7 R6 0     // Check if R6 is 0
    JT not_prime   // If yes, number is not prime

    INC R3         // Increment divisor
    JMP start_loop // Repeat loop

not_prime:
    SET R2 0       // Set result to 0 (not prime)

is_prime_end:
    JMP ready_prime

end:
"""

primes = evaluate(program)
print(primes)
**Explanation:** 1. **Initialization:** - `memory`: A list representing memory, initialized with zeros. - `registers`: A dictionary to store register values, initialized with zeros. - `labels`: A dictionary to store the memory addresses of labels for jumps. 2. **Preprocessing (Finding Labels):** - The code first iterates through the program lines to find and store the memory addresses (line numbers) of all labels in the `labels` dictionary. 3. **Execution Loop:** - The code uses a `while` loop to simulate the fetch-decode-execute cycle of a processor. - **Fetch:** It fetches a line of code (ignoring comments and empty lines). - **Decode:** It splits the line into parts (instruction and operands). - **Execute:** It executes the instruction based on its type: - **Arithmetic and Logic Instructions:** `SET`, `INC`, `MUL`, `MOD`, `ADD`, `EQ`, `GT` - update registers based on the operation. - **Control Flow Instructions:** - `JT` (Jump if True): Jumps to the label if `R7` is 1. - `JF` (Jump if False): Jumps to the label if `R7` is 0. - `JMP` (Jump): Jumps to the label unconditionally. - **Memory Instructions:** - `STORE`: Stores a value from a register into memory. - **Update Program Counter:** The `pc` (program counter) is updated to move to the next instruction. 4. **Return Memory:** - After the execution loop completes, the function returns the `memory` list, which now contains the results of the program execution (non-zero values represent the computed primes). **Example Usage:** The provided example program calculates the first 100 prime numbers and stores them in memory. The `evaluate(program)` call executes this program, and the output will be a list containing the first 100 prime numbers.

Extract Code

I extracted the following code from that output: 

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import re

def evaluate(program):
    """
    Evaluates a program written in a custom assembly language and returns the memory state.

    Args:
    program (str): The program code.

    Returns:
    list: The memory state after program execution.
    """

    memory = [0] * 1000  # Initialize memory
    registers = {f"R{i}": 0 for i in range(10)}  # Initialize registers
    labels = {}  # Store label addresses

    # Preprocess: Find and store label addresses
    lines = program.strip().split("\n")
    pc = 0
    for line in lines:
        line = line.strip()
        if line.endswith(":"):
            labels[line[:-1]] = pc
        elif not line.startswith("//") and line:  # Ignore comments and empty lines
            pc += 1

    # Execute the program
    pc = 0
    while pc < len(lines):
        line = lines[pc].strip()
        if line.startswith("//") or not line:  # Ignore comments and empty lines
            pc += 1
            continue

        parts = re.split(r"[, ]+", line)
        instruction = parts[0]

        if instruction == "SET":
            registers[parts[1]] = int(parts[2])

        elif instruction == "INC":
            registers[parts[1]] += 1

        elif instruction == "MUL":
            registers[parts[1]] = registers[parts[2]] * registers[parts[3]]

        elif instruction == "MOD":
            registers[parts[1]] = registers[parts[2]] % registers[parts[3]]

        elif instruction == "ADD":
            registers[parts[1]] = registers[parts[2]] + registers[parts[3]]

        elif instruction == "EQ":
            registers["R7"] = 1 if registers[parts[1]] == int(parts[2]) else 0

        elif instruction == "GT":
            registers["R7"] = 1 if registers[parts[1]] > registers[parts[2]] else 0

        elif instruction == "JT":
            if registers["R7"] == 1:
                pc = labels[parts[1]]
                continue

        elif instruction == "JF":
            if registers["R7"] == 0:
                pc = labels[parts[1]]
                continue

        elif instruction == "JMP":
            pc = labels[parts[1]]
            continue

        elif instruction == "STORE":
            memory[registers[parts[2]]] = registers[parts[1]]

        pc += 1

    return [x for x in memory if x != 0]  # Return non-zero memory values

# Example usage
program = """

SET R1 2          // Starting number to check for prime

start_find_primes:

    JMP is_prime        // Control will return after executing is_prime

ready_prime:
    EQ R2 1        // Check if R2 is 1 (prime)
    JF increment  // If not prime, skip storing and increment the number

    // Store prime number in memory and increment count
    STORE R1 R8   // Store prime number at address pointed by R8
    INC R8        // Increment prime count

    // Check if 100 primes are found
    EQ R8 100
    JF increment  // If not 100 primes found yet, continue finding

    JMP end        // If 100 primes found, end program

increment:
    INC R1         // Increment number to check for prime
    JMP start_find_primes // Check next number

is_prime:
    SET R2 1       // Assume number is prime initially
    SET R3 2       // Start divisor from 2

start_loop:        // Label to start the loop
    // Check if we have exceeded the square root of R1
    MUL R4 R3 R3   // R4 = R3 * R3
    GT R4 R1       // Set flag if R4 > R1
    JT is_prime_end        // If not exceeded, continue; else, end loop

    MOD R6 R1 R3   // R6 = R1 % R3
    EQ R7 R6 0     // Check if R6 is 0
    JT not_prime   // If yes, number is not prime

    INC R3         // Increment divisor
    JMP start_loop // Repeat loop

not_prime:
    SET R2 0       // Set result to 0 (not prime)

is_prime_end:
    JMP ready_prime

end:
"""

primes = evaluate(program)
print(primes)

Run Code Interpreter

Running the following program: 

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import re

def evaluate(program):
    """
    Evaluates a program written in a custom assembly language and returns the memory state.

    Args:
    program (str): The program code.

    Returns:
    list: The memory state after program execution.
    """

    memory = [0] * 1000  # Initialize memory
    registers = {f"R{i}": 0 for i in range(10)}  # Initialize registers
    labels = {}  # Store label addresses

    # Preprocess: Find and store label addresses
    lines = program.strip().split("\n")
    pc = 0
    for line in lines:
        line = line.strip()
        if line.endswith(":"):
            labels[line[:-1]] = pc
        elif not line.startswith("//") and line:  # Ignore comments and empty lines
            pc += 1

    # Execute the program
    pc = 0
    while pc < len(lines):
        line = lines[pc].strip()
        if line.startswith("//") or not line:  # Ignore comments and empty lines
            pc += 1
            continue

        parts = re.split(r"[, ]+", line)
        instruction = parts[0]

        if instruction == "SET":
            registers[parts[1]] = int(parts[2])

        elif instruction == "INC":
            registers[parts[1]] += 1

        elif instruction == "MUL":
            registers[parts[1]] = registers[parts[2]] * registers[parts[3]]

        elif instruction == "MOD":
            registers[parts[1]] = registers[parts[2]] % registers[parts[3]]

        elif instruction == "ADD":
            registers[parts[1]] = registers[parts[2]] + registers[parts[3]]

        elif instruction == "EQ":
            registers["R7"] = 1 if registers[parts[1]] == int(parts[2]) else 0

        elif instruction == "GT":
            registers["R7"] = 1 if registers[parts[1]] > registers[parts[2]] else 0

        elif instruction == "JT":
            if registers["R7"] == 1:
                pc = labels[parts[1]]
                continue

        elif instruction == "JF":
            if registers["R7"] == 0:
                pc = labels[parts[1]]
                continue

        elif instruction == "JMP":
            pc = labels[parts[1]]
            continue

        elif instruction == "STORE":
            memory[registers[parts[2]]] = registers[parts[1]]

        pc += 1

    return [x for x in memory if x != 0]  # Return non-zero memory values

# Example usage
program = """

SET R1 2          // Starting number to check for prime

start_find_primes:

    JMP is_prime        // Control will return after executing is_prime

ready_prime:
    EQ R2 1        // Check if R2 is 1 (prime)
    JF increment  // If not prime, skip storing and increment the number

    // Store prime number in memory and increment count
    STORE R1 R8   // Store prime number at address pointed by R8
    INC R8        // Increment prime count

    // Check if 100 primes are found
    EQ R8 100
    JF increment  // If not 100 primes found yet, continue finding

    JMP end        // If 100 primes found, end program

increment:
    INC R1         // Increment number to check for prime
    JMP start_find_primes // Check next number

is_prime:
    SET R2 1       // Assume number is prime initially
    SET R3 2       // Start divisor from 2

start_loop:        // Label to start the loop
    // Check if we have exceeded the square root of R1
    MUL R4 R3 R3   // R4 = R3 * R3
    GT R4 R1       // Set flag if R4 > R1
    JT is_prime_end        // If not exceeded, continue; else, end loop

    MOD R6 R1 R3   // R6 = R1 % R3
    EQ R7 R6 0     // Check if R6 is 0
    JT not_prime   // If yes, number is not prime

    INC R3         // Increment divisor
    JMP start_loop // Repeat loop

not_prime:
    SET R2 0       // Set result to 0 (not prime)

is_prime_end:
    JMP ready_prime

end:
"""

primes = evaluate(program)
print(primes)





answer = evaluate("""
    SET R1 0
    SET R2 1
loop:
    MUL R3 R2 R2
    STORE R3 R1
    INC R1
    INC R2
    EQ R1 20
    JF loop
HCF
""")[:10]
expected = [1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81, 100]
assert answer == expected, f'Wrong answer; got {answer} instead of {expected}'

answer = evaluate("""

SET R1 2          // Starting number to check for prime

start_find_primes:

    JMP is_prime is_prime // Control will return after executing is_prime with R1 as input and R2 containing the result

ready_prime:
    EQ R2 1        // Check if R2 is 1 (prime)
    JF increment  // If not prime, skip storing and increment the number

    // Store prime number in memory and increment count
    STORE R1 R8   // Store prime number at address pointed by R8
    INC R8        // Increment prime count

    // Check if 100 primes are found
    EQ R8 100
    JF increment  // If not 100 primes found yet, continue finding

    JMP end        // If 100 primes found, end program

increment:
    INC R1         // Increment number to check for prime
    JMP start_find_primes // Check next number

is_prime:
    SET R2 1       // Assume number is prime initially
    SET R3 2       // Start divisor from 2

start_loop:        // Label to start the loop
    // Check if we have exceeded the square root of R1
    MUL R4 R3 R3   // R4 = R3 * R3
    GT R4 R1       // Set flag if R4 > R1
    JT is_prime_end        // If not exceeded, continue; else, end loop

    MOD R6 R1 R3   // R6 = R1 % R3
    EQ R7 R6 0     // Check if R6 is 0
    JT not_prime   // If yes, number is not prime

    INC R3         // Increment divisor
    JMP start_loop // Repeat loop

not_prime:
    SET R2 0       // Set result to 0 (not prime)

is_prime_end:
    JMP ready_prime

end:
""")[:10]
expected = [2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29]
assert answer == expected, f'Wrong answer; got {answer} instead of {expected}'
print('All tests passed')
And got the output: Timeout: function took too long to complete

Substring Evaluation

Testing if the previous output contains the string All tests passed: False

Initial Query

Here is an example program from a new assmebly language I made up that computes primes: 

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SET R1 2          // Starting number to check for prime

start_find_primes:

    JMP is_prime is_prime // Control will return after executing is_prime with R1 as input and R2 containing the result

ready_prime:
    EQ R2 1        // Check if R2 is 1 (prime)
    JF increment  // If not prime, skip storing and increment the number

    // Store prime number in memory and increment count
    STORE R1 R8   // Store prime number at address pointed by R8
    INC R8        // Increment prime count

    // Check if 100 primes are found
    EQ R8 100
    JF increment  // If not 100 primes found yet, continue finding

    JMP end        // If 100 primes found, end program

increment:
    INC R1         // Increment number to check for prime
    JMP start_find_primes // Check next number

is_prime:
    SET R2 1       // Assume number is prime initially
    SET R3 2       // Start divisor from 2

start_loop:        // Label to start the loop
    // Check if we have exceeded the square root of R1
    MUL R4 R3 R3   // R4 = R3 * R3
    GT R4 R1       // Set flag if R4 > R1
    JT is_prime_end        // If not exceeded, continue; else, end loop

    MOD R6 R1 R3   // R6 = R1 % R3
    EQ R7 R6 0     // Check if R6 is 0
    JT not_prime   // If yes, number is not prime

    INC R3         // Increment divisor
    JMP start_loop // Repeat loop

not_prime:
    SET R2 0       // Set result to 0 (not prime)

is_prime_end:
    JMP ready_prime

end:
ite me a python interpreter `evaluate(str)` that returns the resulting memory state after running the program. For example, `evaluate(program)` should return `[2, 3, 5, 7, ...]` for the above program.

LLM Generation

Query

Here is an example program from a new assmebly language I made up that computes primes: 

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SET R1 2          // Starting number to check for prime

start_find_primes:

    JMP is_prime is_prime // Control will return after executing is_prime with R1 as input and R2 containing the result

ready_prime:
    EQ R2 1        // Check if R2 is 1 (prime)
    JF increment  // If not prime, skip storing and increment the number

    // Store prime number in memory and increment count
    STORE R1 R8   // Store prime number at address pointed by R8
    INC R8        // Increment prime count

    // Check if 100 primes are found
    EQ R8 100
    JF increment  // If not 100 primes found yet, continue finding

    JMP end        // If 100 primes found, end program

increment:
    INC R1         // Increment number to check for prime
    JMP start_find_primes // Check next number

is_prime:
    SET R2 1       // Assume number is prime initially
    SET R3 2       // Start divisor from 2

start_loop:        // Label to start the loop
    // Check if we have exceeded the square root of R1
    MUL R4 R3 R3   // R4 = R3 * R3
    GT R4 R1       // Set flag if R4 > R1
    JT is_prime_end        // If not exceeded, continue; else, end loop

    MOD R6 R1 R3   // R6 = R1 % R3
    EQ R7 R6 0     // Check if R6 is 0
    JT not_prime   // If yes, number is not prime

    INC R3         // Increment divisor
    JMP start_loop // Repeat loop

not_prime:
    SET R2 0       // Set result to 0 (not prime)

is_prime_end:
    JMP ready_prime

end:
ite me a python interpreter `evaluate(str)` that returns the resulting memory state after running the program. For example, `evaluate(program)` should return `[2, 3, 5, 7, ...]` for the above program.

Output

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import re

def evaluate(program):
    """
    Evaluates the given assembly program and returns the resulting memory state.

    Args:
        program (str): The assembly program to evaluate.

    Returns:
        list: A list representing the memory state after program execution.
    """

    memory = [0] * 1000  # Initialize memory
    registers = {f"R{i}": 0 for i in range(10)}  # Initialize registers
    labels = {}  # Store label addresses

    # Preprocess: Find and store label addresses
    lines = program.strip().split("\n")
    pc = 0
    for line in lines:
        line = line.strip()
        if line.endswith(":"):
            labels[line[:-1]] = pc
        elif not line.startswith("//") and line:  # Skip comments and empty lines
            pc += 1

    # Execute the program
    pc = 0
    while pc < len(lines):
        line = lines[pc].strip()
        if line.startswith("//") or not line:  # Skip comments and empty lines
            pc += 1
            continue

        instruction = line.split()[0]
        operands = line.split()[1:]

        if instruction == "SET":
            registers[operands[0]] = int(operands[1])
        elif instruction == "INC":
            registers[operands[0]] += 1
        elif instruction == "STORE":
            memory[registers[operands[1]]] = registers[operands[0]]
        elif instruction == "JMP":
            pc = labels[operands[0]]
            continue
        elif instruction == "EQ":
            registers["R7"] = 1 if registers[operands[0]] == int(operands[1]) else 0
        elif instruction == "GT":
            registers["R7"] = 1 if registers[operands[0]] > int(operands[1]) else 0
        elif instruction == "JT":
            if registers["R7"] == 1:
                pc = labels[operands[0]]
                continue
        elif instruction == "JF":
            if registers["R7"] == 0:
                pc = labels[operands[0]]
                continue
        elif instruction == "MUL":
            registers[operands[0]] = registers[operands[1]] * registers[operands[2]]
        elif instruction == "MOD":
            registers[operands[0]] = registers[operands[1]] % registers[operands[2]]
        else:
            raise ValueError(f"Invalid instruction: {instruction}")

        pc += 1

    return [x for x in memory if x != 0]

# Example usage:
program = """
SET R1 2          // Starting number to check for prime

start_find_primes:

    JMP is_prime is_prime // Control will return after executing is_prime with R1 as input and R2 containing the result

ready_prime:
    EQ R2 1        // Check if R2 is 1 (prime)
    JF increment  // If not prime, skip storing and increment the number

    // Store prime number in memory and increment count
    STORE R1 R8   // Store prime number at address pointed by R8
    INC R8        // Increment prime count

    // Check if 100 primes are found
    EQ R8 100
    JF increment  // If not 100 primes found yet, continue finding

    JMP end        // If 100 primes found, end program

increment:
    INC R1         // Increment number to check for prime
    JMP start_find_primes // Check next number

is_prime:
    SET R2 1       // Assume number is prime initially
    SET R3 2       // Start divisor from 2

start_loop:        // Label to start the loop
    // Check if we have exceeded the square root of R1
    MUL R4 R3 R3   // R4 = R3 * R3
    GT R4 R1       // Set flag if R4 > R1
    JT is_prime_end        // If not exceeded, continue; else, end loop

    MOD R6 R1 R3   // R6 = R1 % R3
    EQ R7 R6 0     // Check if R6 is 0
    JT not_prime   // If yes, number is not prime

    INC R3         // Increment divisor
    JMP start_loop // Repeat loop

not_prime:
    SET R2 0       // Set result to 0 (not prime)

is_prime_end:
    JMP ready_prime

end:
"""

primes = evaluate(program)
print(primes)
**Explanation:** 1. **Initialization:** - `memory`: A list representing memory, initialized with zeros. - `registers`: A dictionary to store register values, initialized with R0 to R9 as keys and 0 as their initial values. - `labels`: A dictionary to store label names and their corresponding program counter (pc) values. 2. **Preprocessing (Finding Labels):** - The code iterates through each line of the program. - If a line ends with ":", it's considered a label. The label's name and the current `pc` are stored in the `labels` dictionary. - The `pc` is incremented for each non-comment and non-empty line, representing the address of the next instruction. 3. **Execution Loop:** - The code enters a `while` loop that continues until the `pc` goes beyond the program's length. - **Fetching and Decoding:** In each iteration, the instruction and operands are extracted from the current line. - **Instruction Execution:** A series of `if` and `elif` blocks handle different instructions based on their names: - **Data Manipulation:** `SET`, `INC`, `STORE`, `MUL`, `MOD` directly modify registers or memory based on their operands. - **Control Flow:** - `JMP` unconditionally sets the `pc` to the target label's address. - `EQ` and `GT` perform comparisons and set the "flag" register `R7` to 1 (true) or 0 (false). - `JT` (jump if true) and `JF` (jump if false) conditionally change the `pc` based on the value of `R7`. - **Incrementing PC:** If the instruction doesn't modify the `pc` (like `JMP`, `JT`, `JF`), the `pc` is incremented to move to the next instruction. 4. **Returning Memory State:** - After the loop completes (program execution finishes), the function returns the `memory` list, which now contains the results of the program's computation.

Extract Code

I extracted the following code from that output: 

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import re

def evaluate(program):
    """
    Evaluates the given assembly program and returns the resulting memory state.

    Args:
        program (str): The assembly program to evaluate.

    Returns:
        list: A list representing the memory state after program execution.
    """

    memory = [0] * 1000  # Initialize memory
    registers = {f"R{i}": 0 for i in range(10)}  # Initialize registers
    labels = {}  # Store label addresses

    # Preprocess: Find and store label addresses
    lines = program.strip().split("\n")
    pc = 0
    for line in lines:
        line = line.strip()
        if line.endswith(":"):
            labels[line[:-1]] = pc
        elif not line.startswith("//") and line:  # Skip comments and empty lines
            pc += 1

    # Execute the program
    pc = 0
    while pc < len(lines):
        line = lines[pc].strip()
        if line.startswith("//") or not line:  # Skip comments and empty lines
            pc += 1
            continue

        instruction = line.split()[0]
        operands = line.split()[1:]

        if instruction == "SET":
            registers[operands[0]] = int(operands[1])
        elif instruction == "INC":
            registers[operands[0]] += 1
        elif instruction == "STORE":
            memory[registers[operands[1]]] = registers[operands[0]]
        elif instruction == "JMP":
            pc = labels[operands[0]]
            continue
        elif instruction == "EQ":
            registers["R7"] = 1 if registers[operands[0]] == int(operands[1]) else 0
        elif instruction == "GT":
            registers["R7"] = 1 if registers[operands[0]] > int(operands[1]) else 0
        elif instruction == "JT":
            if registers["R7"] == 1:
                pc = labels[operands[0]]
                continue
        elif instruction == "JF":
            if registers["R7"] == 0:
                pc = labels[operands[0]]
                continue
        elif instruction == "MUL":
            registers[operands[0]] = registers[operands[1]] * registers[operands[2]]
        elif instruction == "MOD":
            registers[operands[0]] = registers[operands[1]] % registers[operands[2]]
        else:
            raise ValueError(f"Invalid instruction: {instruction}")

        pc += 1

    return [x for x in memory if x != 0]

# Example usage:
program = """
SET R1 2          // Starting number to check for prime

start_find_primes:

    JMP is_prime is_prime // Control will return after executing is_prime with R1 as input and R2 containing the result

ready_prime:
    EQ R2 1        // Check if R2 is 1 (prime)
    JF increment  // If not prime, skip storing and increment the number

    // Store prime number in memory and increment count
    STORE R1 R8   // Store prime number at address pointed by R8
    INC R8        // Increment prime count

    // Check if 100 primes are found
    EQ R8 100
    JF increment  // If not 100 primes found yet, continue finding

    JMP end        // If 100 primes found, end program

increment:
    INC R1         // Increment number to check for prime
    JMP start_find_primes // Check next number

is_prime:
    SET R2 1       // Assume number is prime initially
    SET R3 2       // Start divisor from 2

start_loop:        // Label to start the loop
    // Check if we have exceeded the square root of R1
    MUL R4 R3 R3   // R4 = R3 * R3
    GT R4 R1       // Set flag if R4 > R1
    JT is_prime_end        // If not exceeded, continue; else, end loop

    MOD R6 R1 R3   // R6 = R1 % R3
    EQ R7 R6 0     // Check if R6 is 0
    JT not_prime   // If yes, number is not prime

    INC R3         // Increment divisor
    JMP start_loop // Repeat loop

not_prime:
    SET R2 0       // Set result to 0 (not prime)

is_prime_end:
    JMP ready_prime

end:
"""

primes = evaluate(program)
print(primes)

Run Code Interpreter

Running the following program: 

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import re

def evaluate(program):
    """
    Evaluates the given assembly program and returns the resulting memory state.

    Args:
        program (str): The assembly program to evaluate.

    Returns:
        list: A list representing the memory state after program execution.
    """

    memory = [0] * 1000  # Initialize memory
    registers = {f"R{i}": 0 for i in range(10)}  # Initialize registers
    labels = {}  # Store label addresses

    # Preprocess: Find and store label addresses
    lines = program.strip().split("\n")
    pc = 0
    for line in lines:
        line = line.strip()
        if line.endswith(":"):
            labels[line[:-1]] = pc
        elif not line.startswith("//") and line:  # Skip comments and empty lines
            pc += 1

    # Execute the program
    pc = 0
    while pc < len(lines):
        line = lines[pc].strip()
        if line.startswith("//") or not line:  # Skip comments and empty lines
            pc += 1
            continue

        instruction = line.split()[0]
        operands = line.split()[1:]

        if instruction == "SET":
            registers[operands[0]] = int(operands[1])
        elif instruction == "INC":
            registers[operands[0]] += 1
        elif instruction == "STORE":
            memory[registers[operands[1]]] = registers[operands[0]]
        elif instruction == "JMP":
            pc = labels[operands[0]]
            continue
        elif instruction == "EQ":
            registers["R7"] = 1 if registers[operands[0]] == int(operands[1]) else 0
        elif instruction == "GT":
            registers["R7"] = 1 if registers[operands[0]] > int(operands[1]) else 0
        elif instruction == "JT":
            if registers["R7"] == 1:
                pc = labels[operands[0]]
                continue
        elif instruction == "JF":
            if registers["R7"] == 0:
                pc = labels[operands[0]]
                continue
        elif instruction == "MUL":
            registers[operands[0]] = registers[operands[1]] * registers[operands[2]]
        elif instruction == "MOD":
            registers[operands[0]] = registers[operands[1]] % registers[operands[2]]
        else:
            raise ValueError(f"Invalid instruction: {instruction}")

        pc += 1

    return [x for x in memory if x != 0]

# Example usage:
program = """
SET R1 2          // Starting number to check for prime

start_find_primes:

    JMP is_prime is_prime // Control will return after executing is_prime with R1 as input and R2 containing the result

ready_prime:
    EQ R2 1        // Check if R2 is 1 (prime)
    JF increment  // If not prime, skip storing and increment the number

    // Store prime number in memory and increment count
    STORE R1 R8   // Store prime number at address pointed by R8
    INC R8        // Increment prime count

    // Check if 100 primes are found
    EQ R8 100
    JF increment  // If not 100 primes found yet, continue finding

    JMP end        // If 100 primes found, end program

increment:
    INC R1         // Increment number to check for prime
    JMP start_find_primes // Check next number

is_prime:
    SET R2 1       // Assume number is prime initially
    SET R3 2       // Start divisor from 2

start_loop:        // Label to start the loop
    // Check if we have exceeded the square root of R1
    MUL R4 R3 R3   // R4 = R3 * R3
    GT R4 R1       // Set flag if R4 > R1
    JT is_prime_end        // If not exceeded, continue; else, end loop

    MOD R6 R1 R3   // R6 = R1 % R3
    EQ R7 R6 0     // Check if R6 is 0
    JT not_prime   // If yes, number is not prime

    INC R3         // Increment divisor
    JMP start_loop // Repeat loop

not_prime:
    SET R2 0       // Set result to 0 (not prime)

is_prime_end:
    JMP ready_prime

end:
"""

primes = evaluate(program)
print(primes) 





answer = evaluate("""
    SET R1 0
    SET R2 1
loop:
    MUL R3 R2 R2
    STORE R3 R1
    INC R1
    INC R2
    EQ R1 20
    JF loop
HCF
""")[:10]
expected = [1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81, 100]
assert answer == expected, f'Wrong answer; got {answer} instead of {expected}'

answer = evaluate("""

SET R1 2          // Starting number to check for prime

start_find_primes:

    JMP is_prime is_prime // Control will return after executing is_prime with R1 as input and R2 containing the result

ready_prime:
    EQ R2 1        // Check if R2 is 1 (prime)
    JF increment  // If not prime, skip storing and increment the number

    // Store prime number in memory and increment count
    STORE R1 R8   // Store prime number at address pointed by R8
    INC R8        // Increment prime count

    // Check if 100 primes are found
    EQ R8 100
    JF increment  // If not 100 primes found yet, continue finding

    JMP end        // If 100 primes found, end program

increment:
    INC R1         // Increment number to check for prime
    JMP start_find_primes // Check next number

is_prime:
    SET R2 1       // Assume number is prime initially
    SET R3 2       // Start divisor from 2

start_loop:        // Label to start the loop
    // Check if we have exceeded the square root of R1
    MUL R4 R3 R3   // R4 = R3 * R3
    GT R4 R1       // Set flag if R4 > R1
    JT is_prime_end        // If not exceeded, continue; else, end loop

    MOD R6 R1 R3   // R6 = R1 % R3
    EQ R7 R6 0     // Check if R6 is 0
    JT not_prime   // If yes, number is not prime

    INC R3         // Increment divisor
    JMP start_loop // Repeat loop

not_prime:
    SET R2 0       // Set result to 0 (not prime)

is_prime_end:
    JMP ready_prime

end:
""")[:10]
expected = [2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29]
assert answer == expected, f'Wrong answer; got {answer} instead of {expected}'
print('All tests passed')
And got the output: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/src/app/main.py", line 124, in <module> primes = evaluate(program) File "/usr/src/app/main.py", line 66, in evaluate raise ValueError(f"Invalid instruction: {instruction}") ValueError: Invalid instruction: start_find_primes:

Substring Evaluation

Testing if the previous output contains the string All tests passed: False

Initial Query

Here is an example program from a new assmebly language I made up that computes primes: 

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SET R1 2          // Starting number to check for prime

start_find_primes:

    JMP is_prime is_prime // Control will return after executing is_prime with R1 as input and R2 containing the result

ready_prime:
    EQ R2 1        // Check if R2 is 1 (prime)
    JF increment  // If not prime, skip storing and increment the number

    // Store prime number in memory and increment count
    STORE R1 R8   // Store prime number at address pointed by R8
    INC R8        // Increment prime count

    // Check if 100 primes are found
    EQ R8 100
    JF increment  // If not 100 primes found yet, continue finding

    JMP end        // If 100 primes found, end program

increment:
    INC R1         // Increment number to check for prime
    JMP start_find_primes // Check next number

is_prime:
    SET R2 1       // Assume number is prime initially
    SET R3 2       // Start divisor from 2

start_loop:        // Label to start the loop
    // Check if we have exceeded the square root of R1
    MUL R4 R3 R3   // R4 = R3 * R3
    GT R4 R1       // Set flag if R4 > R1
    JT is_prime_end        // If not exceeded, continue; else, end loop

    MOD R6 R1 R3   // R6 = R1 % R3
    EQ R7 R6 0     // Check if R6 is 0
    JT not_prime   // If yes, number is not prime

    INC R3         // Increment divisor
    JMP start_loop // Repeat loop

not_prime:
    SET R2 0       // Set result to 0 (not prime)

is_prime_end:
    JMP ready_prime

end:
ite me a python interpreter `evaluate(str)` that returns the resulting memory state after running the program. For example, `evaluate(program)` should return `[2, 3, 5, 7, ...]` for the above program.

LLM Generation

Query

Here is an example program from a new assmebly language I made up that computes primes: 

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SET R1 2          // Starting number to check for prime

start_find_primes:

    JMP is_prime is_prime // Control will return after executing is_prime with R1 as input and R2 containing the result

ready_prime:
    EQ R2 1        // Check if R2 is 1 (prime)
    JF increment  // If not prime, skip storing and increment the number

    // Store prime number in memory and increment count
    STORE R1 R8   // Store prime number at address pointed by R8
    INC R8        // Increment prime count

    // Check if 100 primes are found
    EQ R8 100
    JF increment  // If not 100 primes found yet, continue finding

    JMP end        // If 100 primes found, end program

increment:
    INC R1         // Increment number to check for prime
    JMP start_find_primes // Check next number

is_prime:
    SET R2 1       // Assume number is prime initially
    SET R3 2       // Start divisor from 2

start_loop:        // Label to start the loop
    // Check if we have exceeded the square root of R1
    MUL R4 R3 R3   // R4 = R3 * R3
    GT R4 R1       // Set flag if R4 > R1
    JT is_prime_end        // If not exceeded, continue; else, end loop

    MOD R6 R1 R3   // R6 = R1 % R3
    EQ R7 R6 0     // Check if R6 is 0
    JT not_prime   // If yes, number is not prime

    INC R3         // Increment divisor
    JMP start_loop // Repeat loop

not_prime:
    SET R2 0       // Set result to 0 (not prime)

is_prime_end:
    JMP ready_prime

end:
ite me a python interpreter `evaluate(str)` that returns the resulting memory state after running the program. For example, `evaluate(program)` should return `[2, 3, 5, 7, ...]` for the above program.

Output

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import re

def evaluate(program):
    """
    Evaluates the given assembly program and returns the resulting memory state.

    Args:
        program (str): The assembly program to evaluate.

    Returns:
        list: A list representing the memory state after program execution.
    """

    memory = [0] * 1000  # Initialize memory
    registers = {f"R{i}": 0 for i in range(10)}  # Initialize registers
    labels = {}  # Store label addresses

    # Preprocess program, find labels
    lines = program.strip().split("\n")
    pc = 0
    while pc < len(lines):
        line = lines[pc].strip()
        if line.endswith(":"):
            labels[line[:-1]] = pc
        pc += 1

    # Execute program
    pc = 0
    while pc < len(lines):
        line = lines[pc].strip()
        parts = re.split(r"[, ]+", line)

        if parts[0] == "SET":
            registers[parts[1]] = int(parts[2])
        elif parts[0] == "INC":
            registers[parts[1]] += 1
        elif parts[0] == "STORE":
            memory[registers[parts[2]]] = registers[parts[1]]
        elif parts[0] == "EQ":
            registers["R7"] = 1 if registers[parts[1]] == int(parts[2]) else 0
        elif parts[0] == "GT":
            registers["R7"] = 1 if registers[parts[1]] > registers[parts[2]] else 0
        elif parts[0] == "MUL":
            registers[parts[1]] = registers[parts[2]] * registers[parts[3]]
        elif parts[0] == "MOD":
            registers[parts[1]] = registers[parts[2]] % registers[parts[3]]
        elif parts[0] == "JMP":
            if parts[1] in labels:
                pc = labels[parts[1]] - 1  # Adjust for incrementing pc later
            else:
                raise ValueError(f"Invalid label: {parts[1]}")
        elif parts[0] == "JT":
            if registers["R7"] == 1:
                if parts[1] in labels:
                    pc = labels[parts[1]] - 1
                else:
                    raise ValueError(f"Invalid label: {parts[1]}")
        elif parts[0] == "JF":
            if registers["R7"] == 0:
                if parts[1] in labels:
                    pc = labels[parts[1]] - 1
                else:
                    raise ValueError(f"Invalid label: {parts[1]}")

        pc += 1

    return [x for x in memory if x != 0]  # Return non-zero memory values

Extract Code

I extracted the following code from that output: 

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import re

def evaluate(program):
    """
    Evaluates the given assembly program and returns the resulting memory state.

    Args:
        program (str): The assembly program to evaluate.

    Returns:
        list: A list representing the memory state after program execution.
    """

    memory = [0] * 1000  # Initialize memory
    registers = {f"R{i}": 0 for i in range(10)}  # Initialize registers
    labels = {}  # Store label addresses

    # Preprocess program, find labels
    lines = program.strip().split("\n")
    pc = 0
    while pc < len(lines):
        line = lines[pc].strip()
        if line.endswith(":"):
            labels[line[:-1]] = pc
        pc += 1

    # Execute program
    pc = 0
    while pc < len(lines):
        line = lines[pc].strip()
        parts = re.split(r"[, ]+", line)

        if parts[0] == "SET":
            registers[parts[1]] = int(parts[2])
        elif parts[0] == "INC":
            registers[parts[1]] += 1
        elif parts[0] == "STORE":
            memory[registers[parts[2]]] = registers[parts[1]]
        elif parts[0] == "EQ":
            registers["R7"] = 1 if registers[parts[1]] == int(parts[2]) else 0
        elif parts[0] == "GT":
            registers["R7"] = 1 if registers[parts[1]] > registers[parts[2]] else 0
        elif parts[0] == "MUL":
            registers[parts[1]] = registers[parts[2]] * registers[parts[3]]
        elif parts[0] == "MOD":
            registers[parts[1]] = registers[parts[2]] % registers[parts[3]]
        elif parts[0] == "JMP":
            if parts[1] in labels:
                pc = labels[parts[1]] - 1  # Adjust for incrementing pc later
            else:
                raise ValueError(f"Invalid label: {parts[1]}")
        elif parts[0] == "JT":
            if registers["R7"] == 1:
                if parts[1] in labels:
                    pc = labels[parts[1]] - 1
                else:
                    raise ValueError(f"Invalid label: {parts[1]}")
        elif parts[0] == "JF":
            if registers["R7"] == 0:
                if parts[1] in labels:
                    pc = labels[parts[1]] - 1
                else:
                    raise ValueError(f"Invalid label: {parts[1]}")

        pc += 1

    return [x for x in memory if x != 0]  # Return non-zero memory values

Run Code Interpreter

Running the following program: 

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import re

def evaluate(program):
    """
    Evaluates the given assembly program and returns the resulting memory state.

    Args:
        program (str): The assembly program to evaluate.

    Returns:
        list: A list representing the memory state after program execution.
    """

    memory = [0] * 1000  # Initialize memory
    registers = {f"R{i}": 0 for i in range(10)}  # Initialize registers
    labels = {}  # Store label addresses

    # Preprocess program, find labels
    lines = program.strip().split("\n")
    pc = 0
    while pc < len(lines):
        line = lines[pc].strip()
        if line.endswith(":"):
            labels[line[:-1]] = pc
        pc += 1

    # Execute program
    pc = 0
    while pc < len(lines):
        line = lines[pc].strip()
        parts = re.split(r"[, ]+", line)

        if parts[0] == "SET":
            registers[parts[1]] = int(parts[2])
        elif parts[0] == "INC":
            registers[parts[1]] += 1
        elif parts[0] == "STORE":
            memory[registers[parts[2]]] = registers[parts[1]]
        elif parts[0] == "EQ":
            registers["R7"] = 1 if registers[parts[1]] == int(parts[2]) else 0
        elif parts[0] == "GT":
            registers["R7"] = 1 if registers[parts[1]] > registers[parts[2]] else 0
        elif parts[0] == "MUL":
            registers[parts[1]] = registers[parts[2]] * registers[parts[3]]
        elif parts[0] == "MOD":
            registers[parts[1]] = registers[parts[2]] % registers[parts[3]]
        elif parts[0] == "JMP":
            if parts[1] in labels:
                pc = labels[parts[1]] - 1  # Adjust for incrementing pc later
            else:
                raise ValueError(f"Invalid label: {parts[1]}")
        elif parts[0] == "JT":
            if registers["R7"] == 1:
                if parts[1] in labels:
                    pc = labels[parts[1]] - 1
                else:
                    raise ValueError(f"Invalid label: {parts[1]}")
        elif parts[0] == "JF":
            if registers["R7"] == 0:
                if parts[1] in labels:
                    pc = labels[parts[1]] - 1
                else:
                    raise ValueError(f"Invalid label: {parts[1]}")

        pc += 1

    return [x for x in memory if x != 0]  # Return non-zero memory values





answer = evaluate("""
    SET R1 0
    SET R2 1
loop:
    MUL R3 R2 R2
    STORE R3 R1
    INC R1
    INC R2
    EQ R1 20
    JF loop
HCF
""")[:10]
expected = [1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81, 100]
assert answer == expected, f'Wrong answer; got {answer} instead of {expected}'

answer = evaluate("""

SET R1 2          // Starting number to check for prime

start_find_primes:

    JMP is_prime is_prime // Control will return after executing is_prime with R1 as input and R2 containing the result

ready_prime:
    EQ R2 1        // Check if R2 is 1 (prime)
    JF increment  // If not prime, skip storing and increment the number

    // Store prime number in memory and increment count
    STORE R1 R8   // Store prime number at address pointed by R8
    INC R8        // Increment prime count

    // Check if 100 primes are found
    EQ R8 100
    JF increment  // If not 100 primes found yet, continue finding

    JMP end        // If 100 primes found, end program

increment:
    INC R1         // Increment number to check for prime
    JMP start_find_primes // Check next number

is_prime:
    SET R2 1       // Assume number is prime initially
    SET R3 2       // Start divisor from 2

start_loop:        // Label to start the loop
    // Check if we have exceeded the square root of R1
    MUL R4 R3 R3   // R4 = R3 * R3
    GT R4 R1       // Set flag if R4 > R1
    JT is_prime_end        // If not exceeded, continue; else, end loop

    MOD R6 R1 R3   // R6 = R1 % R3
    EQ R7 R6 0     // Check if R6 is 0
    JT not_prime   // If yes, number is not prime

    INC R3         // Increment divisor
    JMP start_loop // Repeat loop

not_prime:
    SET R2 0       // Set result to 0 (not prime)

is_prime_end:
    JMP ready_prime

end:
""")[:10]
expected = [2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29]
assert answer == expected, f'Wrong answer; got {answer} instead of {expected}'
print('All tests passed')
And got the output: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/src/app/main.py", line 89, in <module> answer = evaluate(""" File "/usr/src/app/main.py", line 41, in evaluate registers["R7"] = 1 if registers[parts[1]] == int(parts[2]) else 0 ValueError: invalid literal for int() with base 10: 'R6'

Substring Evaluation

Testing if the previous output contains the string All tests passed: False

Initial Query

Here is an example program from a new assmebly language I made up that computes primes: 

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SET R1 2          // Starting number to check for prime

start_find_primes:

    JMP is_prime is_prime // Control will return after executing is_prime with R1 as input and R2 containing the result

ready_prime:
    EQ R2 1        // Check if R2 is 1 (prime)
    JF increment  // If not prime, skip storing and increment the number

    // Store prime number in memory and increment count
    STORE R1 R8   // Store prime number at address pointed by R8
    INC R8        // Increment prime count

    // Check if 100 primes are found
    EQ R8 100
    JF increment  // If not 100 primes found yet, continue finding

    JMP end        // If 100 primes found, end program

increment:
    INC R1         // Increment number to check for prime
    JMP start_find_primes // Check next number

is_prime:
    SET R2 1       // Assume number is prime initially
    SET R3 2       // Start divisor from 2

start_loop:        // Label to start the loop
    // Check if we have exceeded the square root of R1
    MUL R4 R3 R3   // R4 = R3 * R3
    GT R4 R1       // Set flag if R4 > R1
    JT is_prime_end        // If not exceeded, continue; else, end loop

    MOD R6 R1 R3   // R6 = R1 % R3
    EQ R7 R6 0     // Check if R6 is 0
    JT not_prime   // If yes, number is not prime

    INC R3         // Increment divisor
    JMP start_loop // Repeat loop

not_prime:
    SET R2 0       // Set result to 0 (not prime)

is_prime_end:
    JMP ready_prime

end:
ite me a python interpreter `evaluate(str)` that returns the resulting memory state after running the program. For example, `evaluate(program)` should return `[2, 3, 5, 7, ...]` for the above program.

LLM Generation

Query

Here is an example program from a new assmebly language I made up that computes primes: 

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SET R1 2          // Starting number to check for prime

start_find_primes:

    JMP is_prime is_prime // Control will return after executing is_prime with R1 as input and R2 containing the result

ready_prime:
    EQ R2 1        // Check if R2 is 1 (prime)
    JF increment  // If not prime, skip storing and increment the number

    // Store prime number in memory and increment count
    STORE R1 R8   // Store prime number at address pointed by R8
    INC R8        // Increment prime count

    // Check if 100 primes are found
    EQ R8 100
    JF increment  // If not 100 primes found yet, continue finding

    JMP end        // If 100 primes found, end program

increment:
    INC R1         // Increment number to check for prime
    JMP start_find_primes // Check next number

is_prime:
    SET R2 1       // Assume number is prime initially
    SET R3 2       // Start divisor from 2

start_loop:        // Label to start the loop
    // Check if we have exceeded the square root of R1
    MUL R4 R3 R3   // R4 = R3 * R3
    GT R4 R1       // Set flag if R4 > R1
    JT is_prime_end        // If not exceeded, continue; else, end loop

    MOD R6 R1 R3   // R6 = R1 % R3
    EQ R7 R6 0     // Check if R6 is 0
    JT not_prime   // If yes, number is not prime

    INC R3         // Increment divisor
    JMP start_loop // Repeat loop

not_prime:
    SET R2 0       // Set result to 0 (not prime)

is_prime_end:
    JMP ready_prime

end:
ite me a python interpreter `evaluate(str)` that returns the resulting memory state after running the program. For example, `evaluate(program)` should return `[2, 3, 5, 7, ...]` for the above program.

Output

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import re

def evaluate(program):
    """
    Evaluates the given assembly program and returns the resulting memory state.

    Args:
        program (str): The assembly program to evaluate.

    Returns:
        list: A list representing the memory state after program execution.
    """

    memory = [0] * 1000  # Initialize memory with 1000 cells
    registers = {f"R{i}": 0 for i in range(10)}  # Initialize registers R0-R9
    labels = {}  # Store label addresses
    pc = 0  # Program counter

    # Preprocess: Find and store label addresses
    for line in program.splitlines():
        line = line.strip()
        if line and line.endswith(":"):
            labels[line[:-1]] = pc
        pc += 1

    # Reset program counter
    pc = 0

    while pc < len(program.splitlines()):
        line = program.splitlines()[pc].strip()
        if not line or line.endswith(":"):
            pc += 1
            continue

        # Instruction parsing using regular expressions
        if match := re.match(r"SET\s+R(\d+)\s+(-?\d+)", line):
            registers[f"R{match.group(1)}"] = int(match.group(2))
        elif match := re.match(r"SET\s+R(\d+)\s+R(\d+)", line):
            registers[f"R{match.group(1)}"] = registers[f"R{match.group(2)}"]
        elif match := re.match(r"ADD\s+R(\d+)\s+R(\d+)\s+R(\d+)", line):
            registers[f"R{match.group(1)}"] = registers[f"R{match.group(2)}"] + registers[f"R{match.group(3)}"]
        elif match := re.match(r"SUB\s+R(\d+)\s+R(\d+)\s+R(\d+)", line):
            registers[f"R{match.group(1)}"] = registers[f"R{match.group(2)}"] - registers[f"R{match.group(3)}"]
        elif match := re.match(r"MUL\s+R(\d+)\s+R(\d+)\s+R(\d+)", line):
            registers[f"R{match.group(1)}"] = registers[f"R{match.group(2)}"] * registers[f"R{match.group(3)}"]
        elif match := re.match(r"DIV\s+R(\d+)\s+R(\d+)\s+R(\d+)", line):
            registers[f"R{match.group(1)}"] = registers[f"R{match.group(2)}"] // registers[f"R{match.group(3)}"]
        elif match := re.match(r"MOD\s+R(\d+)\s+R(\d+)\s+R(\d+)", line):
            registers[f"R{match.group(1)}"] = registers[f"R{match.group(2)}"] % registers[f"R{match.group(3)}"]
        elif match := re.match(r"INC\s+R(\d+)", line):
            registers[f"R{match.group(1)}"] += 1
        elif match := re.match(r"DEC\s+R(\d+)", line):
            registers[f"R{match.group(1)}"] -= 1
        elif match := re.match(r"CMP\s+R(\d+)\s+R(\d+)", line):
            registers["RF"] = 1 if registers[f"R{match.group(1)}"] == registers[f"R{match.group(2)}"] else 0
        elif match := re.match(r"GT\s+R(\d+)\s+R(\d+)", line):
            registers["RF"] = 1 if registers[f"R{match.group(1)}"] > registers[f"R{match.group(2)}"] else 0
        elif match := re.match(r"LT\s+R(\d+)\s+R(\d+)", line):
            registers["RF"] = 1 if registers[f"R{match.group(1)}"] < registers[f"R{match.group(2)}"] else 0
        elif match := re.match(r"EQ\s+R(\d+)\s+(-?\d+)", line):
            registers["RF"] = 1 if registers[f"R{match.group(1)}"] == int(match.group(2)) else 0
        elif match := re.match(r"JMP\s+(\w+)", line):
            pc = labels[match.group(1)]
            continue
        elif match := re.match(r"JT\s+(\w+)", line):
            if registers["RF"] == 1:
                pc = labels[match.group(1)]
                continue
        elif match := re.match(r"JF\s+(\w+)", line):
            if registers["RF"] == 0:
                pc = labels[match.group(1)]
                continue
        elif match := re.match(r"STORE\s+R(\d+)\s+R(\d+)", line):
            memory[registers[f"R{match.group(2)}"]] = registers[f"R{match.group(1)}"]
        elif match := re.match(r"LOAD\s+R(\d+)\s+R(\d+)", line):
            registers[f"R{match.group(1)}"] = memory[registers[f"R{match.group(2)}"]]
        else:
            raise ValueError(f"Invalid instruction: {line}")

        pc += 1

    return [x for x in memory if x != 0]  # Return non-zero memory values

# Test the interpreter with the provided program
program = """

SET R1 2          // Starting number to check for prime

start_find_primes:

    JMP is_prime      // Control will return after executing is_prime with R1 as input and R2 containing the result

ready_prime:
    EQ R2 1        // Check if R2 is 1 (prime)
    JF increment  // If not prime, skip storing and increment the number

    // Store prime number in memory and increment count
    STORE R1 R8   // Store prime number at address pointed by R8
    INC R8        // Increment prime count

    // Check if 100 primes are found
    EQ R8 100
    JF increment  // If not 100 primes found yet, continue finding

    JMP end        // If 100 primes found, end program

increment:
    INC R1         // Increment number to check for prime
    JMP start_find_primes // Check next number

is_prime:
    SET R2 1       // Assume number is prime initially
    SET R3 2       // Start divisor from 2

start_loop:        // Label to start the loop
    // Check if we have exceeded the square root of R1
    MUL R4 R3 R3   // R4 = R3 * R3
    GT R4 R1       // Set flag if R4 > R1
    JT is_prime_end        // If not exceeded, continue; else, end loop

    MOD R6 R1 R3   // R6 = R1 % R3
    EQ R6 0     // Check if R6 is 0
    JT not_prime   // If yes, number is not prime

    INC R3         // Increment divisor
    JMP start_loop // Repeat loop

not_prime:
    SET R2 0       // Set result to 0 (not prime)

is_prime_end:
    JMP ready_prime

end:

"""

primes = evaluate(program)
print(primes)

Extract Code

I extracted the following code from that output: 

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import re

def evaluate(program):
    """
    Evaluates the given assembly program and returns the resulting memory state.

    Args:
        program (str): The assembly program to evaluate.

    Returns:
        list: A list representing the memory state after program execution.
    """

    memory = [0] * 1000  # Initialize memory with 1000 cells
    registers = {f"R{i}": 0 for i in range(10)}  # Initialize registers R0-R9
    labels = {}  # Store label addresses
    pc = 0  # Program counter

    # Preprocess: Find and store label addresses
    for line in program.splitlines():
        line = line.strip()
        if line and line.endswith(":"):
            labels[line[:-1]] = pc
        pc += 1

    # Reset program counter
    pc = 0

    while pc < len(program.splitlines()):
        line = program.splitlines()[pc].strip()
        if not line or line.endswith(":"):
            pc += 1
            continue

        # Instruction parsing using regular expressions
        if match := re.match(r"SET\s+R(\d+)\s+(-?\d+)", line):
            registers[f"R{match.group(1)}"] = int(match.group(2))
        elif match := re.match(r"SET\s+R(\d+)\s+R(\d+)", line):
            registers[f"R{match.group(1)}"] = registers[f"R{match.group(2)}"]
        elif match := re.match(r"ADD\s+R(\d+)\s+R(\d+)\s+R(\d+)", line):
            registers[f"R{match.group(1)}"] = registers[f"R{match.group(2)}"] + registers[f"R{match.group(3)}"]
        elif match := re.match(r"SUB\s+R(\d+)\s+R(\d+)\s+R(\d+)", line):
            registers[f"R{match.group(1)}"] = registers[f"R{match.group(2)}"] - registers[f"R{match.group(3)}"]
        elif match := re.match(r"MUL\s+R(\d+)\s+R(\d+)\s+R(\d+)", line):
            registers[f"R{match.group(1)}"] = registers[f"R{match.group(2)}"] * registers[f"R{match.group(3)}"]
        elif match := re.match(r"DIV\s+R(\d+)\s+R(\d+)\s+R(\d+)", line):
            registers[f"R{match.group(1)}"] = registers[f"R{match.group(2)}"] // registers[f"R{match.group(3)}"]
        elif match := re.match(r"MOD\s+R(\d+)\s+R(\d+)\s+R(\d+)", line):
            registers[f"R{match.group(1)}"] = registers[f"R{match.group(2)}"] % registers[f"R{match.group(3)}"]
        elif match := re.match(r"INC\s+R(\d+)", line):
            registers[f"R{match.group(1)}"] += 1
        elif match := re.match(r"DEC\s+R(\d+)", line):
            registers[f"R{match.group(1)}"] -= 1
        elif match := re.match(r"CMP\s+R(\d+)\s+R(\d+)", line):
            registers["RF"] = 1 if registers[f"R{match.group(1)}"] == registers[f"R{match.group(2)}"] else 0
        elif match := re.match(r"GT\s+R(\d+)\s+R(\d+)", line):
            registers["RF"] = 1 if registers[f"R{match.group(1)}"] > registers[f"R{match.group(2)}"] else 0
        elif match := re.match(r"LT\s+R(\d+)\s+R(\d+)", line):
            registers["RF"] = 1 if registers[f"R{match.group(1)}"] < registers[f"R{match.group(2)}"] else 0
        elif match := re.match(r"EQ\s+R(\d+)\s+(-?\d+)", line):
            registers["RF"] = 1 if registers[f"R{match.group(1)}"] == int(match.group(2)) else 0
        elif match := re.match(r"JMP\s+(\w+)", line):
            pc = labels[match.group(1)]
            continue
        elif match := re.match(r"JT\s+(\w+)", line):
            if registers["RF"] == 1:
                pc = labels[match.group(1)]
                continue
        elif match := re.match(r"JF\s+(\w+)", line):
            if registers["RF"] == 0:
                pc = labels[match.group(1)]
                continue
        elif match := re.match(r"STORE\s+R(\d+)\s+R(\d+)", line):
            memory[registers[f"R{match.group(2)}"]] = registers[f"R{match.group(1)}"]
        elif match := re.match(r"LOAD\s+R(\d+)\s+R(\d+)", line):
            registers[f"R{match.group(1)}"] = memory[registers[f"R{match.group(2)}"]]
        else:
            raise ValueError(f"Invalid instruction: {line}")

        pc += 1

    return [x for x in memory if x != 0]  # Return non-zero memory values

# Test the interpreter with the provided program
program = """

SET R1 2          // Starting number to check for prime

start_find_primes:

    JMP is_prime      // Control will return after executing is_prime with R1 as input and R2 containing the result

ready_prime:
    EQ R2 1        // Check if R2 is 1 (prime)
    JF increment  // If not prime, skip storing and increment the number

    // Store prime number in memory and increment count
    STORE R1 R8   // Store prime number at address pointed by R8
    INC R8        // Increment prime count

    // Check if 100 primes are found
    EQ R8 100
    JF increment  // If not 100 primes found yet, continue finding

    JMP end        // If 100 primes found, end program

increment:
    INC R1         // Increment number to check for prime
    JMP start_find_primes // Check next number

is_prime:
    SET R2 1       // Assume number is prime initially
    SET R3 2       // Start divisor from 2

start_loop:        // Label to start the loop
    // Check if we have exceeded the square root of R1
    MUL R4 R3 R3   // R4 = R3 * R3
    GT R4 R1       // Set flag if R4 > R1
    JT is_prime_end        // If not exceeded, continue; else, end loop

    MOD R6 R1 R3   // R6 = R1 % R3
    EQ R6 0     // Check if R6 is 0
    JT not_prime   // If yes, number is not prime

    INC R3         // Increment divisor
    JMP start_loop // Repeat loop

not_prime:
    SET R2 0       // Set result to 0 (not prime)

is_prime_end:
    JMP ready_prime

end:

"""

primes = evaluate(program)
print(primes)

Run Code Interpreter

Running the following program: 

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import re

def evaluate(program):
    """
    Evaluates the given assembly program and returns the resulting memory state.

    Args:
        program (str): The assembly program to evaluate.

    Returns:
        list: A list representing the memory state after program execution.
    """

    memory = [0] * 1000  # Initialize memory with 1000 cells
    registers = {f"R{i}": 0 for i in range(10)}  # Initialize registers R0-R9
    labels = {}  # Store label addresses
    pc = 0  # Program counter

    # Preprocess: Find and store label addresses
    for line in program.splitlines():
        line = line.strip()
        if line and line.endswith(":"):
            labels[line[:-1]] = pc
        pc += 1

    # Reset program counter
    pc = 0

    while pc < len(program.splitlines()):
        line = program.splitlines()[pc].strip()
        if not line or line.endswith(":"):
            pc += 1
            continue

        # Instruction parsing using regular expressions
        if match := re.match(r"SET\s+R(\d+)\s+(-?\d+)", line):
            registers[f"R{match.group(1)}"] = int(match.group(2))
        elif match := re.match(r"SET\s+R(\d+)\s+R(\d+)", line):
            registers[f"R{match.group(1)}"] = registers[f"R{match.group(2)}"]
        elif match := re.match(r"ADD\s+R(\d+)\s+R(\d+)\s+R(\d+)", line):
            registers[f"R{match.group(1)}"] = registers[f"R{match.group(2)}"] + registers[f"R{match.group(3)}"]
        elif match := re.match(r"SUB\s+R(\d+)\s+R(\d+)\s+R(\d+)", line):
            registers[f"R{match.group(1)}"] = registers[f"R{match.group(2)}"] - registers[f"R{match.group(3)}"]
        elif match := re.match(r"MUL\s+R(\d+)\s+R(\d+)\s+R(\d+)", line):
            registers[f"R{match.group(1)}"] = registers[f"R{match.group(2)}"] * registers[f"R{match.group(3)}"]
        elif match := re.match(r"DIV\s+R(\d+)\s+R(\d+)\s+R(\d+)", line):
            registers[f"R{match.group(1)}"] = registers[f"R{match.group(2)}"] // registers[f"R{match.group(3)}"]
        elif match := re.match(r"MOD\s+R(\d+)\s+R(\d+)\s+R(\d+)", line):
            registers[f"R{match.group(1)}"] = registers[f"R{match.group(2)}"] % registers[f"R{match.group(3)}"]
        elif match := re.match(r"INC\s+R(\d+)", line):
            registers[f"R{match.group(1)}"] += 1
        elif match := re.match(r"DEC\s+R(\d+)", line):
            registers[f"R{match.group(1)}"] -= 1
        elif match := re.match(r"CMP\s+R(\d+)\s+R(\d+)", line):
            registers["RF"] = 1 if registers[f"R{match.group(1)}"] == registers[f"R{match.group(2)}"] else 0
        elif match := re.match(r"GT\s+R(\d+)\s+R(\d+)", line):
            registers["RF"] = 1 if registers[f"R{match.group(1)}"] > registers[f"R{match.group(2)}"] else 0
        elif match := re.match(r"LT\s+R(\d+)\s+R(\d+)", line):
            registers["RF"] = 1 if registers[f"R{match.group(1)}"] < registers[f"R{match.group(2)}"] else 0
        elif match := re.match(r"EQ\s+R(\d+)\s+(-?\d+)", line):
            registers["RF"] = 1 if registers[f"R{match.group(1)}"] == int(match.group(2)) else 0
        elif match := re.match(r"JMP\s+(\w+)", line):
            pc = labels[match.group(1)]
            continue
        elif match := re.match(r"JT\s+(\w+)", line):
            if registers["RF"] == 1:
                pc = labels[match.group(1)]
                continue
        elif match := re.match(r"JF\s+(\w+)", line):
            if registers["RF"] == 0:
                pc = labels[match.group(1)]
                continue
        elif match := re.match(r"STORE\s+R(\d+)\s+R(\d+)", line):
            memory[registers[f"R{match.group(2)}"]] = registers[f"R{match.group(1)}"]
        elif match := re.match(r"LOAD\s+R(\d+)\s+R(\d+)", line):
            registers[f"R{match.group(1)}"] = memory[registers[f"R{match.group(2)}"]]
        else:
            raise ValueError(f"Invalid instruction: {line}")

        pc += 1

    return [x for x in memory if x != 0]  # Return non-zero memory values

# Test the interpreter with the provided program
program = """

SET R1 2          // Starting number to check for prime

start_find_primes:

    JMP is_prime      // Control will return after executing is_prime with R1 as input and R2 containing the result

ready_prime:
    EQ R2 1        // Check if R2 is 1 (prime)
    JF increment  // If not prime, skip storing and increment the number

    // Store prime number in memory and increment count
    STORE R1 R8   // Store prime number at address pointed by R8
    INC R8        // Increment prime count

    // Check if 100 primes are found
    EQ R8 100
    JF increment  // If not 100 primes found yet, continue finding

    JMP end        // If 100 primes found, end program

increment:
    INC R1         // Increment number to check for prime
    JMP start_find_primes // Check next number

is_prime:
    SET R2 1       // Assume number is prime initially
    SET R3 2       // Start divisor from 2

start_loop:        // Label to start the loop
    // Check if we have exceeded the square root of R1
    MUL R4 R3 R3   // R4 = R3 * R3
    GT R4 R1       // Set flag if R4 > R1
    JT is_prime_end        // If not exceeded, continue; else, end loop

    MOD R6 R1 R3   // R6 = R1 % R3
    EQ R6 0     // Check if R6 is 0
    JT not_prime   // If yes, number is not prime

    INC R3         // Increment divisor
    JMP start_loop // Repeat loop

not_prime:
    SET R2 0       // Set result to 0 (not prime)

is_prime_end:
    JMP ready_prime

end:

"""

primes = evaluate(program)
print(primes) 





answer = evaluate("""
    SET R1 0
    SET R2 1
loop:
    MUL R3 R2 R2
    STORE R3 R1
    INC R1
    INC R2
    EQ R1 20
    JF loop
HCF
""")[:10]
expected = [1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81, 100]
assert answer == expected, f'Wrong answer; got {answer} instead of {expected}'

answer = evaluate("""

SET R1 2          // Starting number to check for prime

start_find_primes:

    JMP is_prime is_prime // Control will return after executing is_prime with R1 as input and R2 containing the result

ready_prime:
    EQ R2 1        // Check if R2 is 1 (prime)
    JF increment  // If not prime, skip storing and increment the number

    // Store prime number in memory and increment count
    STORE R1 R8   // Store prime number at address pointed by R8
    INC R8        // Increment prime count

    // Check if 100 primes are found
    EQ R8 100
    JF increment  // If not 100 primes found yet, continue finding

    JMP end        // If 100 primes found, end program

increment:
    INC R1         // Increment number to check for prime
    JMP start_find_primes // Check next number

is_prime:
    SET R2 1       // Assume number is prime initially
    SET R3 2       // Start divisor from 2

start_loop:        // Label to start the loop
    // Check if we have exceeded the square root of R1
    MUL R4 R3 R3   // R4 = R3 * R3
    GT R4 R1       // Set flag if R4 > R1
    JT is_prime_end        // If not exceeded, continue; else, end loop

    MOD R6 R1 R3   // R6 = R1 % R3
    EQ R7 R6 0     // Check if R6 is 0
    JT not_prime   // If yes, number is not prime

    INC R3         // Increment divisor
    JMP start_loop // Repeat loop

not_prime:
    SET R2 0       // Set result to 0 (not prime)

is_prime_end:
    JMP ready_prime

end:
""")[:10]
expected = [2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29]
assert answer == expected, f'Wrong answer; got {answer} instead of {expected}'
print('All tests passed')
And got the output: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/src/app/main.py", line 139, in <module> primes = evaluate(program) File "/usr/src/app/main.py", line 79, in evaluate raise ValueError(f"Invalid instruction: {line}") ValueError: Invalid instruction: start_loop: // Label to start the loop

Substring Evaluation

Testing if the previous output contains the string All tests passed: False